SUBCHAPTER IV—HOUSING ASSISTANCE
Editorial Notes
Codification
Part A—General Provisions
Editorial Notes
Codification
§11360. Definitions
For purposes of this subchapter:
(1) At risk of homelessness
The term "at risk of homelessness" means, with respect to an individual or family, that the individual or family—
(A) has income below 30 percent of median income for the geographic area;
(B) has insufficient resources immediately available to attain housing stability; and
(C)(i) has moved frequently because of economic reasons;
(ii) is living in the home of another because of economic hardship;
(iii) has been notified that their right to occupy their current housing or living situation will be terminated;
(iv) lives in a hotel or motel;
(v) lives in severely overcrowded housing;
(vi) is exiting an institution; or
(vii) otherwise lives in housing that has characteristics associated with instability and an increased risk of homelessness.
Such term includes all families with children and youth defined as homeless under other Federal statutes.
(2) Chronically homeless
(A) In general
The term "chronically homeless" means, with respect to an individual or family, that the individual or family—
(i) is homeless and lives or resides in a place not meant for human habitation, a safe haven, or in an emergency shelter;
(ii) has been homeless and living or residing in a place not meant for human habitation, a safe haven, or in an emergency shelter continuously for at least 1 year or on at least 4 separate occasions in the last 3 years; and
(iii) has an adult head of household (or a minor head of household if no adult is present in the household) with a diagnosable substance use disorder, serious mental illness, developmental disability (as defined in
(B) Rule of construction
A person who currently lives or resides in an institutional care facility, including a jail, substance abuse or mental health treatment facility, hospital or other similar facility, and has resided there for fewer than 90 days shall be considered chronically homeless if such person met all of the requirements described in subparagraph (A) prior to entering that facility.
(3) Collaborative applicant
The term "collaborative applicant" means an entity that—
(A) carries out the duties specified in
(B) serves as the applicant for project sponsors who jointly submit a single application for a grant under part C in accordance with a collaborative process; and
(C) if the entity is a legal entity and is awarded such grant, receives such grant directly from the Secretary.
(4) Collaborative application
The term "collaborative application" means an application for a grant under part C that—
(A) satisfies
(B) is submitted to the Secretary by a collaborative applicant.
(5) Consolidated Plan
The term "Consolidated Plan" means a comprehensive housing affordability strategy and community development plan required in part 91 of title 24, Code of Federal Regulations.
(6) Eligible entity
The term "eligible entity" means, with respect to a part, a public entity, a private entity, or an entity that is a combination of public and private entities, that is eligible to directly receive grant amounts under such part.
(7) Families with children and youth defined as homeless under other Federal statutes
The term "families with children and youth defined as homeless under other Federal statutes" means any children or youth that are defined as "homeless" under any Federal statute other than this part, but are not defined as homeless under
(8) Formula area
The term "formula area" has the meaning given the term in section 1000.302 of title 24, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation.
(9) Geographic area
The term "geographic area" means a State, metropolitan city, urban county, town, village, or other nonentitlement area, a formula area, or a combination or consortia of such, in the United States, as described in
(10) Homeless individual with a disability
(A) In general
The term "homeless individual with a disability" means an individual who is homeless, as defined in
(i)(I) is expected to be long-continuing or of indefinite duration;
(II) substantially impedes the individual's ability to live independently;
(III) could be improved by the provision of more suitable housing conditions; and
(IV) is a physical, mental, or emotional impairment, including an impairment caused by alcohol or drug abuse, post traumatic stress disorder, or brain injury;
(ii) is a developmental disability, as defined in
(iii) is the disease of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or any condition arising from the etiologic agency for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
(B) Rule
Nothing in clause (iii) of subparagraph (A) shall be construed to limit eligibility under clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A).
(11) Indian Tribe
The term "Indian Tribe" has the meaning given the term "Indian tribe" in
(12) Legal entity
The term "legal entity" means—
(A) an entity described in
(B) an instrumentality of State or local government; or
(C) a consortium of instrumentalities of State or local governments that has constituted itself as an entity.
(13) Metropolitan city; urban county; nonentitlement area
The terms "metropolitan city", "urban county", and "nonentitlement area" have the meanings given such terms in
(14) New
The term "new" means, with respect to housing, that no assistance has been provided under this subchapter for the housing.
(15) Operating costs
The term "operating costs" means expenses incurred by a project sponsor operating transitional housing or permanent housing under this subchapter with respect to—
(A) the administration, maintenance, repair, and security of such housing;
(B) utilities, fuel, furnishings, and equipment for such housing; or
(C) coordination of services as needed to ensure long-term housing stability.
(16) Outpatient health services
The term "outpatient health services" means outpatient health care services, mental health services, and outpatient substance abuse services.
(17) Permanent housing
The term "permanent housing" means community-based housing without a designated length of stay, and includes both permanent supportive housing and permanent housing without supportive services.
(18) Personally identifying information
The term "personally identifying information" means individually identifying information for or about an individual, including information likely to disclose the location of a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, including—
(A) a first and last name;
(B) a home or other physical address;
(C) contact information (including a postal, e-mail or Internet protocol address, or telephone or facsimile number);
(D) a social security number; and
(E) any other information, including date of birth, racial or ethnic background, or religious affiliation, that, in combination with any other non-personally identifying information, would serve to identify any individual.
(19) Private nonprofit organization
The term "private nonprofit organization" means an organization—
(A) no part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any member, founder, contributor, or individual;
(B) that has a voluntary board;
(C) that has an accounting system, or has designated a fiscal agent in accordance with requirements established by the Secretary; and
(D) that practices nondiscrimination in the provision of assistance.
(20) Project
The term "project" means, with respect to activities carried out under part C, eligible activities described in
(21) Project-based
The term "project-based" means, with respect to rental assistance, that the assistance is provided pursuant to a contract that—
(A) is between—
(i) the recipient or a project sponsor; and
(ii) an owner of a structure that exists as of the date the contract is entered into; and
(B) provides that rental assistance payments shall be made to the owner and that the units in the structure shall be occupied by eligible persons for not less than the term of the contract.
(22) Project sponsor
The term "project sponsor" means, with respect to proposed eligible activities, the organization directly responsible for carrying out the proposed eligible activities.
(23) Recipient
Except as used in part B, the term "recipient" means an eligible entity who—
(A) submits an application for a grant under
(B) receives the grant directly from the Secretary to support approved projects described in the application; and
(C)(i) serves as a project sponsor for the projects; or
(ii) awards the funds to project sponsors to carry out the projects.
(24) Secretary
The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
(25) Serious mental illness
The term "serious mental illness" means a severe and persistent mental illness or emotional impairment that seriously limits a person's ability to live independently.
(26) Solo applicant
The term "solo applicant" means an entity that is an eligible entity, directly submits an application for a grant under part C to the Secretary, and, if awarded such grant, receives such grant directly from the Secretary.
(27) Sponsor-based
The term "sponsor-based" means, with respect to rental assistance, that the assistance is provided pursuant to a contract that—
(A) is between—
(i) the recipient or a project sponsor; and
(ii) an independent entity that—
(I) is a private organization; and
(II) owns or leases dwelling units; and
(B) provides that rental assistance payments shall be made to the independent entity and that eligible persons shall occupy such assisted units.
(28) State
Except as used in part B, the term "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States.
(29) Supportive services
The term "supportive services" means services that address the special needs of people served by a project, including—
(A) the establishment and operation of a child care services program for families experiencing homelessness;
(B) the establishment and operation of an employment assistance program, including providing job training;
(C) the provision of outpatient health services, food, and case management;
(D) the provision of assistance in obtaining permanent housing, employment counseling, and nutritional counseling;
(E) the provision of outreach services, advocacy, life skills training, and housing search and counseling services;
(F) the provision of mental health services, trauma counseling, and victim services;
(G) the provision of assistance in obtaining other Federal, State, and local assistance available for residents of supportive housing (including mental health benefits, employment counseling, and medical assistance, but not including major medical equipment);
(H) the provision of legal services for purposes including requesting reconsiderations and appeals of veterans and public benefit claim denials and resolving outstanding warrants that interfere with an individual's ability to obtain and retain housing;
(I) the provision of—
(i) transportation services that facilitate an individual's ability to obtain and maintain employment; and
(ii) health care; and
(J) other supportive services necessary to obtain and maintain housing.
(30) Tenant-based
The term "tenant-based" means, with respect to rental assistance, assistance that—
(A) allows an eligible person to select a housing unit in which such person will live using rental assistance provided under part C, except that if necessary to assure that the provision of supportive services to a person participating in a program is feasible, a recipient or project sponsor may require that the person live—
(i) in a particular structure or unit for not more than the first year of the participation;
(ii) within a particular geographic area for the full period of the participation, or the period remaining after the period referred to in subparagraph (A); and
(B) provides that a person may receive such assistance and move to another structure, unit, or geographic area if the person has complied with all other obligations of the program and has moved out of the assisted dwelling unit in order to protect the health or safety of an individual who is or has been the victim of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, and who reasonably believed he or she was imminently threatened by harm from further violence if he or she remained in the assisted dwelling unit.
(31) Transitional housing
The term "transitional housing" means housing the purpose of which is to facilitate the movement of individuals and families experiencing homelessness to permanent housing within 24 months or such longer period as the Secretary determines necessary.
(32) Unified funding agency
The term "unified funding agency" means a collaborative applicant that performs the duties described in
(33) Underserved populations
The term "underserved populations" includes populations underserved because of geographic location, underserved racial and ethnic populations, populations underserved because of special needs (such as language barriers, disabilities, alienage status, or age), and any other population determined to be underserved by the Secretary, as appropriate.
(34) Victim service provider
The term "victim service provider" means a private nonprofit organization whose primary mission is to provide services to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking. Such term includes rape crisis centers, battered women's shelters, domestic violence transitional housing programs, and other programs.
(35) Victim services
The term "victim services" means services that assist domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking victims, including services offered by rape crisis centers and domestic violence shelters, and other organizations, with a documented history of effective work concerning domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 401 of
Amendments
2020—Par. (8).
Par. (9).
Par. (10).
Par. (11).
Pars. (12) to (35).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
HEARTH Act Technical Corrections
"(1) the term 'local government' includes an instrumentality of a unit of general purpose local government other than a public housing agency that is established pursuant to legislation and designated by the chief executive to act on behalf of the local government with regard to activities funded under such title IV and includes a combination of general purpose local governments, such as an association of governments, that is recognized by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development;
"(2) the term 'State' includes any instrumentality of any of the several States designated by the Governor to act on behalf of the State and does not include the District of Columbia;
"(3) for purposes of environmental review, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall continue to permit assistance and projects to be treated as assistance for special projects that are subject to section 305(c) of the Multifamily Housing Property Disposition Reform Act of 1994 (
"(4) a metropolitan city and an urban county that each receive an allocation under such title IV and are located within a geographic area that is covered by a single continuum of care may jointly request the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to permit the urban county or the metropolitan city, as agreed to by such county and city, to receive and administer their combined allocations under a single grant."
Definitions
For provisions relating to definitions of "State" and "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
Executive Documents
Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding
1 So in original. Probably should be "of this".
§11360a. Collaborative applicants
(a) Establishment and designation
A collaborative applicant shall be established for a geographic area by the relevant parties in that geographic area to—
(1) submit an application for amounts under this part; and
(2) perform the duties specified in subsection (f) and, if applicable, subsection (g).
(b) No requirement to be a legal entity
An entity may be established to serve as a collaborative applicant under this section without being a legal entity.
(c) Remedial action
If the Secretary finds that a collaborative applicant for a geographic area does not meet the requirements of this section, or if there is no collaborative applicant for a geographic area, the Secretary may take remedial action to ensure fair distribution of grant amounts under part C to eligible entities within that area. Such measures may include designating another body as a collaborative applicant, or permitting other eligible entities to apply directly for grants.
(d) Construction
Nothing in this section shall be construed to displace conflict of interest or government fair practices laws, or their equivalent, that govern applicants for grant amounts under parts B and C.
(e) Appointment of agent
(1) In general
Subject to paragraph (2), a collaborative applicant may designate an agent to—
(A) apply for a grant under
(B) receive and distribute grant funds awarded under part C; and
(C) perform other administrative duties.
(2) Retention of duties
Any collaborative applicant that designates an agent pursuant to paragraph (1) shall regardless of such designation retain all of its duties and responsibilities under this subchapter.
(f) Duties
A collaborative applicant shall—
(1) design a collaborative process for the development of an application under part C, and for evaluating the outcomes of projects for which funds are awarded under part B, in such a manner as to provide information necessary for the Secretary—
(A) to determine compliance with—
(i) the program requirements under
(ii) the selection criteria described under
(B) to establish priorities for funding projects in the geographic area involved;
(2) participate in the Consolidated Plan for the geographic area served by the collaborative applicant; and
(3) ensure operation of, and consistent participation by, project sponsors in a community-wide homeless management information system (in this subsection referred to as "HMIS") that—
(A) collects unduplicated counts of individuals and families experiencing homelessness;
(B) analyzes patterns of use of assistance provided under parts B and C for the geographic area involved;
(C) provides information to project sponsors and applicants for needs analyses and funding priorities; and
(D) is developed in accordance with standards established by the Secretary, including standards that provide for—
(i) encryption of data collected for purposes of HMIS;
(ii) documentation, including keeping an accurate accounting, proper usage, and disclosure, of HMIS data;
(iii) access to HMIS data by staff, contractors, law enforcement, and academic researchers;
(iv) rights of persons receiving services under this subchapter;
(v) criminal and civil penalties for unlawful disclosure of data; and
(vi) such other standards as may be determined necessary by the Secretary.
(g) Unified funding
(1) In general
In addition to the duties described in subsection (f), a collaborative applicant shall receive from the Secretary and distribute to other project sponsors in the applicable geographic area funds for projects to be carried out by such other project sponsors, if—
(A) the collaborative applicant—
(i) applies to undertake such collection and distribution responsibilities in an application submitted under this part; and
(ii) is selected to perform such responsibilities by the Secretary; or
(B) the Secretary designates the collaborative applicant as the unified funding agency in the geographic area, after—
(i) a finding by the Secretary that the applicant—
(I) has the capacity to perform such responsibilities; and
(II) would serve the purposes of this chapter as they apply to the geographic area; and
(ii) the Secretary provides the collaborative applicant with the technical assistance necessary to perform such responsibilities as such assistance is agreed to by the collaborative applicant.
(2) Required actions by a unified funding agency
A collaborative applicant that is either selected or designated as a unified funding agency for a geographic area under paragraph (1) shall—
(A) require each project sponsor who is funded by a grant received under part C to establish such fiscal control and fund accounting procedures as may be necessary to assure the proper disbursal of, and accounting for, Federal funds awarded to the project sponsor under part C in order to ensure that all financial transactions carried out under part C are conducted, and records maintained, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; and
(B) arrange for an annual survey, audit, or evaluation of the financial records of each project carried out by a project sponsor funded by a grant received under part C.
(h) Conflict of interest
No board member of a collaborative applicant may participate in decisions of the collaborative applicant concerning the award of a grant, or provision of other financial benefits, to such member or the organization that such member represents.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (g)(1)(B)(i)(II), was in the original "this Act", meaning
Prior Provisions
A prior section 402 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11361. Housing affordability strategy
Assistance may be made under this subchapter only if the grantee certifies that it is following—
(1) a consolidated plan which has been approved by the Secretary in accordance with
(2) a comprehensive homeless assistance plan which was approved by the Secretary during the 180-day period beginning on November 28, 1990, or during such longer period as may be prescribed by the Secretary in any case for good cause.
(
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2009—Par. (1).
1990—
Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (a)(1).
Subsec. (b)(2).
Subsec. (b)(3).
Subsec. (b)(5).
Subsec. (b)(7), (8).
Subsec. (b)(9).
Subsecs. (c)(1), (d).
Subsec. (g).
Subsec. (h).
1988—Subsec. (a)(1).
Subsec. (a)(2), (3).
Subsec. (b)(3).
Subsec. (b)(4).
Subsec. (b)(5), (6).
Subsec. (d)(3).
Subsec. (g).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by
Effective Date of 1990 Amendment
Evaluation of Programs
Homeless Housing Act of 1986
§11361a. Preventing involuntary family separation
(a) In general
After the expiration of the 2-year period that begins upon May 20, 2009, and except as provided in subsection (b), any project sponsor receiving funds under this subchapter to provide emergency shelter, transitional housing, or permanent housing to families with children under age 18 shall not deny admission to any family based on the age of any child under age 18.
(b) Exception
Notwithstanding the requirement under subsection (a), project sponsors of transitional housing receiving funds under this subchapter may target transitional housing resources to families with children of a specific age only if the project sponsor—
(1) operates a transitional housing program that has a primary purpose of implementing an evidence-based practice that requires that housing units be targeted to families with children in a specific age group; and
(2) provides such assurances, as the Secretary shall require, that an equivalent appropriate alternative living arrangement for the whole family or household unit has been secured.
(
Editorial Notes
Codification
Section 1103 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11361b. Technical assistance
(a) In general
The Secretary shall make available technical assistance to private nonprofit organizations and other nongovernmental entities, States, metropolitan cities, urban counties, and counties that are not urban counties, to implement effective planning processes for preventing and ending homelessness, to improve their capacity to prepare collaborative applications, to prevent the separation of families in emergency shelter or other housing programs, and to adopt and provide best practices in housing and services for persons experiencing homeless.
(b) Reservation
The Secretary shall reserve not more than 1 percent of the funds made available for any fiscal year for carrying out parts B and C, to provide technical assistance under subsection (a).
(
Editorial Notes
Codification
Section 1103 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11362. Discharge coordination policy
The Secretary may not provide a grant under this subchapter for any governmental entity serving as an applicant unless the applicant agrees to develop and implement, to the maximum extent practicable and where appropriate, policies and protocols for the discharge of persons from publicly funded institutions or systems of care (such as health care facilities, foster care or other youth facilities, or correction programs and institutions) in order to prevent such discharge from immediately resulting in homelessness for such persons.
(
§11363. Protection of personally identifying information by victim service providers
In the course of awarding grants or implementing programs under this subchapter, the Secretary shall instruct any victim service provider that is a recipient or subgrantee not to disclose for purposes of the Homeless Management Information System any personally identifying information about any client. The Secretary may, after public notice and comment, require or ask such recipients and subgrantees to disclose for purposes of the Homeless Management Information System non-personally identifying information that has been de-identified, encrypted, or otherwise encoded. Nothing in this section shall be construed to supersede any provision of any Federal, State, or local law that provides greater protection than this subsection for victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
(
Editorial Notes
Codification
Section 1104 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11364. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subchapter $2,200,000,000 for fiscal year 2010 and such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 2011.
(
Editorial Notes
Codification
Section 1105 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11364a. Availability of amounts recaptured from appropriated funds
(a) Amounts recaptured from funds appropriated for this or any succeeding fiscal year under the heading "Department of Housing and Urban Development—Community Planning and Development—Homeless Assistance Grants" shall become available until expended not later than the end of the fifth fiscal year after the last fiscal year for which such funds are available and shall be available, in addition to rental assistance amounts that were recaptured and made available until expended under such heading by any prior Act, and in addition to such other funds as may be available for such purposes, for the following purposes:
(1) For grants under the Continuum of Care program under subtitle C of title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (
(2) For grants under the Emergency Solutions Grant program under subtitle B of title IV of such Act (
(3) Not less than 10 percent of the amounts shall be used only for grants in rural areas under the Continuum of Care program, to include activities eligible under the Rural Housing Stability Assistance program under section 491 of such Act (
(4) Not less than 10 percent of the amounts shall be for emergency solutions grants for disaster areas as authorized by subsection (c).
(b) Prior to the use of any recaptured amounts referred to in subsection (a), including competing, awarding, or obligating such amounts, the Secretary shall submit a plan in accordance with subsection (a) that specifies the planned use of any such amounts to the Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate, and receive prior written approval of such plan, except that use of amounts in the plan for the purposes specified in subsection (a)(4) may begin once such plan is submitted to such Committees.
(c)(1) The Secretary may make grants under the Emergency Solutions Grants program under subtitle B of title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (
(2) For purposes of grants under paragraph (1), the Secretary may suspend all consultation, citizen participation, and matching requirements.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (2), and (c)(1), is
The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is
Codification
Section was enacted as part of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Act, 2020, and also as part of the Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2020, and the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020, and not as part of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act which comprises this chapter.
Part B—Emergency Solutions Grants Program
Editorial Notes
Codification
§11371. Definitions
For purposes of this part:
(1) The term "local government" means a unit of general purpose local government.
(2) The term "locality" means the geographical area within the jurisdiction of a local government.
(3) The term "metropolitan city" has the meaning given such term in
(4) The term "operating costs" means expenses incurred by a recipient operating a facility assisted under this part with respect to—
(A) the administration, maintenance, repair, and security of such housing; and
(B) utilities, fuels, furnishings, and equipment for such housing.
(5) The term "private nonprofit organization" means a secular or religious organization described in
(6) The term "recipient" means any governmental or private nonprofit entity that is approved by the Secretary as to financial responsibility.
(7) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
(8) The term "State" means each of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States.
(9) The term "urban county" has the meaning given such term in
(
Editorial Notes
Amendments
1996—Par. (10).
1990—Par. (10).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by
Definitions
For provisions relating to definitions of "State" and "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
Executive Documents
Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding
§11372. Grant assistance
The Secretary shall make grants to States and local governments (and to private nonprofit organizations providing assistance to persons experiencing homelessness or at risk of homelessness, in the case of grants made with reallocated amounts) for the purpose of carrying out activities described in
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11372,
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11372a. Amount and allocation of assistance
(a) In general
Of the amount made available to carry out this part and part C for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall allocate nationally 20 percent of such amount for activities described in
(b) Allocation
An entity that receives a grant under
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 413 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11373. Allocation and distribution of assistance
(a) In general
The Secretary shall allocate assistance under this part to metropolitan cities, urban counties, and States (for distribution to local governments and private nonprofit organizations in the States) in a manner that ensures that the percentage of the total amount available under this part for any fiscal year that is allocated to any State, metropolitan city, or urban county is equal to the percentage of the total amount available for
(b) Minimum allocation requirement
If, under the allocation provisions applicable under this part, any metropolitan city or urban county would receive a grant of less than 0.05 percent of the amounts appropriated under
(c) Distributions to nonprofit organizations, public housing agencies, and local redevelopment authorities
Any local government receiving assistance under this part may distribute all or a portion of such assistance to private nonprofit organizations providing assistance to homeless individuals, to public housing agencies (as defined under
(d) Reallocation of funds
(1) The Secretary shall, not less than once during each fiscal year, reallocate any assistance provided under this part that is unused or returned or that becomes available under subsection (b).
(2) If a city or county eligible for a grant under subsection (a) fails to obtain approval of its comprehensive plan during the 90-day period following the date funds authorized by this part first become available for allocation during any fiscal year, the amount that the city or county would have received shall be available to the State in which the city or county is located if the State has obtained approval of its comprehensive plan. Any amounts that cannot be allocated to a State under the preceding sentence shall be reallocated to other States, counties, and cities that demonstrate extraordinary need or large numbers of homeless individuals, as determined by the Secretary.
(3) If a State fails to obtain approval of its comprehensive plan during the 90-day period following the date funds authorized by this part first become available for allocation during any fiscal year, the amount that the State would have received shall be reallocated to other States and to cities and counties as applicable, that demonstrate extraordinary need or large numbers of homeless individuals, as determined by the Secretary.
(e) Allocations to territories
In addition to the other allocations required in this section, the Secretary shall (for amounts appropriated after July 22, 1987) allocate assistance under this part to the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and any other territory or possession of the United States, in accordance with an allocation formula established by the Secretary.
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 414 of
Amendments
2016—Subsec. (c).
2015—Subsec. (d)(1).
2009—Subsec. (b).
1996—Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d)(3).
1990—Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d)(3).
1988—Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (c).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by
Amendment by
Executive Documents
Termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
For termination of Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, see note set out preceding
§11374. Eligible activities
(a) In general
Assistance provided under
(1) The renovation, major rehabilitation, or conversion of buildings to be used as emergency shelters.
(2) The provision of essential services related to emergency shelter or street outreach, including services concerned with employment, health, education, family support services for homeless youth, substance abuse services, victim services, or mental health services, if—
(A) such essential services have not been provided by the local government during any part of the immediately preceding 12-month period or the Secretary determines that the local government is in a severe financial deficit; or
(B) the use of assistance under this part would complement the provision of those essential services.
(3) Maintenance, operation, insurance, provision of utilities, and provision of furnishings related to emergency shelter.
(4) Provision of rental assistance to provide short-term or medium-term housing to homeless individuals or families or individuals or families at risk of homelessness. Such rental assistance may include tenant-based or project-based rental assistance.
(5) Housing relocation or stabilization services for homeless individuals or families or individuals or families at risk of homelessness, including housing search, mediation or outreach to property owners, legal services, credit repair, providing security or utility deposits, utility payments, rental assistance for a final month at a location, assistance with moving costs, or other activities that are effective at—
(A) stabilizing individuals and families in their current housing; or
(B) quickly moving such individuals and families to other permanent housing.
(b) Maximum allocation for emergency shelter activities
A grantee of assistance provided under
(1) 60 percent of the aggregate amount of such assistance provided for the grantee for such fiscal year; or
(2) the amount expended by such grantee for such activities during fiscal year 1 most recently completed before the effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is the effective date under section 1503 of div. B of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11374,
Another prior section 415 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
Report by Comptroller General
1 So in original. Probably should be "the fiscal year".
§11375. Responsibilities of recipients
(a) Matching amounts
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), each recipient under this part shall be required to supplement the assistance provided under this part with an equal amount of funds from sources other than this part. Each recipient shall certify to the Secretary its compliance with this paragraph, and shall include with such certification a description of the sources and amounts of such supplemental funds.
(2) Each recipient under this part that is a State shall be required to supplement the assistance provided under this part with an amount of funds from sources other than this part equal to the difference between the amount received under this part and $100,000. If the amount received by the State is $100,000 or less, the State may not be required to supplement the assistance provided under this part.
(3) In calculating the amount of supplemental funds provided by a recipient under this part, a recipient may include the value of any donated material or building, the value of any lease on a building, any salary paid to staff to carry out the program of the recipient, and the value of the time and services contributed by volunteers to carry out the program of the recipient at a rate determined by the Secretary.
(b) Administration of assistance
Each recipient shall act as the fiscal agent of the Secretary with respect to assistance provided to such recipient.
(c) Certifications on use of assistance
Each recipient shall certify to the Secretary that—
(1) it will—
(A) in the case of assistance involving major rehabilitation or conversion, maintain any building for which assistance is used under this part as a shelter for homeless individuals and families for not less than a 10-year period;
(B) in the case of assistance involving rehabilitation (other than major rehabilitation or conversion), maintain any building for which assistance is used under this part as a shelter for homeless individuals and families for not less than a 3-year period; or
(C) in the case of assistance involving solely activities described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 11374(a) 1 of this title, provide services or shelter to homeless individuals and families for the period during which such assistance is provided, without regard to a particular site or structure as long as the same general population is served;
(2) any renovation carried out with assistance under this part shall be sufficient to ensure that the building involved is safe and sanitary;
(3) it will assist homeless individuals in obtaining—
(A) appropriate supportive services, including permanent housing, medical and mental health treatment, counseling, supervision, and other services essential for achieving independent living; and
(B) other Federal, State, local, and private assistance available for such individuals;
(4) in the case of a recipient that is a State, it will obtain any matching amounts required under subsection (a) in a manner so that local governments, agencies, and local nonprofit organizations receiving assistance from the grant that are least capable of providing the recipient State with such matching amounts receive the benefit of the $100,000 subtrahend under subsection (a)(2);
(5) it will develop and implement procedures to ensure the confidentiality of records pertaining to any individual provided family violence prevention or treatment services under any project assisted under this part and that the address or location of any family violence shelter project assisted under this part will, except with written authorization of the person or persons responsible for the operation of such shelter, not be made public;
(6) activities undertaken by the recipient with assistance under this part are consistent with any housing strategy submitted by the grantee in accordance with
(7) to the maximum extent practicable, it will involve, through employment, volunteer services, or otherwise, homeless individuals and families in constructing, renovating, maintaining, and operating facilities assisted under this part, in providing services assisted under this part, and in providing services for occupants of facilities assisted under this part.
(d) Participation of homeless individuals
The Secretary shall, by regulation, require each recipient that is not a State to provide for the participation of not less than 1 homeless individual or former homeless individual on the board of directors or other equivalent policymaking entity of such recipient, to the extent that such entity considers and makes policies and decisions regarding any facility, services, or other assistance of the recipient assisted under this part. The Secretary may grant waivers to recipients unable to meet the requirement under the preceding sentence if the recipient agrees to otherwise consult with homeless or formerly homeless individuals in considering and making such policies and decisions.
(e) Termination of assistance
If an individual or family who receives assistance under this part from a recipient violates program requirements, the recipient may terminate assistance in accordance with a formal process established by the recipient that recognizes the rights of individuals affected, which may include a hearing.
(f) Participation in HMIS
The Secretary shall ensure that recipients of funds under this part ensure the consistent participation by emergency shelters and homelessness prevention and rehousing programs in any applicable community-wide homeless management information system.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
Prior Provisions
A prior section 416 of
Amendments
2009—Subsec. (f).
1996—Subsec. (c)(4).
1992—Subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d).
Subsec. (e).
1990—Subsec. (a)(1).
Subsec. (a)(2), (3).
Subsec. (c)(2), (3).
Subsec. (c)(4).
Subsec. (c)(5).
1988—Subsec. (c)(1).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by
Amendment by
1 See References in Text note below.
§11376. Administrative provisions
(a) Regulations
Not later than 60 days after July 22, 1987, the Secretary shall by notice establish such requirements as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this part. Such requirements shall be subject to
(b) Initial allocation of assistance
Not later than the expiration of the 60-day period following the date of enactment of a law providing appropriations to carry out this part, the Secretary shall notify each State, metropolitan city, and urban county that is to receive a direct grant of its allocation of assistance under this part. Such assistance shall be allocated and may be used notwithstanding any failure of the Secretary to issue requirements under subsection (a).
(c) Minimum standards of habitability
The Secretary shall prescribe such minimum standards of habitability as the Secretary determines to be appropriate to ensure that emergency shelters assisted under this section are environments that provide appropriate privacy, safety, and sanitary and other health-related conditions for homeless persons and families. Grantees are authorized to establish standards of habitability in addition to those prescribed by the Secretary.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The emergency shelter grants program under the provisions made effective by section 101(g) of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 417 of
Amendments
1996—Subsec. (b).
1990—Subsec. (b).
Subsec. (c).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by
Amendment by
§11377. Repealed. Pub. L. 111–22, div. B, title II, §1201(2), May 20, 2009, 123 Stat. 1678
Section,
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of Repeal
Repeal effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11378. Administrative costs
A recipient may use up to 7.5 percent of any annual grant received under this part for administrative purposes. A recipient State shall share the amount available for administrative purposes pursuant to the preceding sentence with local governments funded by the State.
(
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2009—
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by
Part C—Continuum of Care Program
Editorial Notes
Codification
§11381. Purposes
The purposes of this part are—
(1) to promote community-wide commitment to the goal of ending homelessness;
(2) to provide funding for efforts by nonprofit providers and State and local governments to quickly rehouse homeless individuals and families while minimizing the trauma and dislocation caused to individuals, families, and communities by homelessness;
(3) to promote access to, and effective utilization of, mainstream programs described in
(4) to optimize self-sufficiency among individuals and families experiencing homelessness.
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11381,
Another prior section 11381,
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
Transitional Provision
Demonstration Projects To Reduce Number of Homeless Families in Welfare Hotels
Definition
For provisions relating to definition of "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
§11382. Continuum of care applications and grants
(a) Projects
The Secretary shall award grants, on a competitive basis, and using the selection criteria described in
(b) Notification of funding availability
The Secretary shall release a notification of funding availability for grants awarded under this part for a fiscal year not later than 3 months after the date of the enactment of the appropriate Act making appropriations for the Department of Housing and Urban Development for such fiscal year.
(c) Applications
(1) Submission to the Secretary
To be eligible to receive a grant under subsection (a), a project sponsor or unified funding agency in a geographic area shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may require, and containing such information as the Secretary determines necessary—
(A) to determine compliance with the program requirements and selection criteria under this part; and
(B) to establish priorities for funding projects in the geographic area.
(2) Announcement of awards
(A) In general
Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall announce, within 5 months after the last date for the submission of applications described in this subsection for a fiscal year, the grants conditionally awarded under subsection (a) for that fiscal year.
(B) Transition
For a period of up to 2 years beginning after the effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, the Secretary shall announce, within 6 months after the last date for the submission of applications described in this subsection for a fiscal year, the grants conditionally awarded under subsection (a) for that fiscal year.
(d) Obligation, distribution, and utilization of funds
(1) Requirements for obligation
(A) In general
Not later than 9 months after the announcement referred to in subsection (c)(2), each recipient or project sponsor shall meet all requirements for the obligation of those funds, including site control, matching funds, and environmental review requirements, except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C).
(B) Acquisition, rehabilitation, or construction
Not later than 24 months after the announcement referred to in subsection (c)(2), each recipient or project sponsor seeking the obligation of funds for acquisition of housing, rehabilitation of housing, or construction of new housing for a grant announced under subsection (c)(2) shall meet all requirements for the obligation of those funds, including site control, matching funds, and environmental review requirements.
(C) Extensions
At the discretion of the Secretary, and in compelling circumstances, the Secretary may extend the date by which a recipient or project sponsor shall meet the requirements described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) if the Secretary determines that compliance with the requirements was delayed due to factors beyond the reasonable control of the recipient or project sponsor. Such factors may include difficulties in obtaining site control for a proposed project, completing the process of obtaining secure financing for the project, obtaining approvals from State or local governments, or completing the technical submission requirements for the project.
(2) Obligation
Not later than 45 days after a recipient or project sponsor meets the requirements described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall obligate the funds for the grant involved.
(3) Distribution
A recipient that receives funds through such a grant—
(A) shall distribute the funds to project sponsors (in advance of expenditures by the project sponsors); and
(B) shall distribute the appropriate portion of the funds to a project sponsor not later than 45 days after receiving a request for such distribution from the project sponsor.
(4) Expenditure of funds
The Secretary may establish a date by which funds made available through a grant announced under subsection (c)(2) for a homeless assistance project shall be entirely expended by the recipient or project sponsors involved. The date established under this paragraph shall not occur before the expiration of the 24-month period beginning on the date that funds are obligated for activities described under paragraphs 1 (1) or (2) of
(e) Renewal funding for unsuccessful applicants
The Secretary may renew funding for a specific project previously funded under this part that the Secretary determines meets the purposes of this part, and was included as part of a total application that met the criteria of subsection (c), even if the application was not selected to receive grant assistance. The Secretary may renew the funding for a period of not more than 1 year, and under such conditions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
(f) Considerations in determining renewal funding
When providing renewal funding for leasing, operating costs, or rental assistance for permanent housing, the Secretary shall make adjustments proportional to increases in the fair market rents in the geographic area.
(g) More than 1 application for a geographic area
If more than 1 collaborative applicant applies for funds for a geographic area, the Secretary shall award funds to the collaborative applicant with the highest score based on the selection criteria set forth in
(h) Appeals
(1) In general
The Secretary shall establish a timely appeal procedure for grant amounts awarded or denied under this part pursuant to a collaborative application or solo application for funding.
(2) Process
The Secretary shall ensure that the procedure permits appeals submitted by entities carrying out homeless housing and services projects (including emergency shelters and homelessness prevention programs), and all other applicants under this part.
(i) Solo applicants
A solo applicant may submit an application to the Secretary for a grant under subsection (a) and be awarded such grant on the same basis as such grants are awarded to other applicants based on the criteria described in
(j) Flexibility to serve persons defined as homeless under other Federal laws
(1) In general
A collaborative applicant may use not more than 10 percent of funds awarded under this part (continuum of care funding) for any of the types of eligible activities specified in paragraphs (1) through (7) of
(2) Limitations
The 10 percent limitation under paragraph (1) shall not apply to collaborative applicants in which the rate of homelessness, as calculated in the most recent point in time count, is less than one-tenth of 1 percent of total population.
(3) Treatment of certain populations
(A) In general
Notwithstanding
(B) At risk of homelessness
Subparagraph (A) may not be construed to prevent any unaccompanied youth and homeless families and children defined as homeless under
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B), is the effective date under section 1503 of title V of div. B of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11382,
Another prior section 11382,
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
Homeless Assistance Grants
"(a)
"(b)
"(c)
Definition
For provisions relating to definition of "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
1 So in original. Probably should be "paragraph".
§11383. Eligible activities
(a) In general
Grants awarded under
(1) Construction of new housing units to provide transitional or permanent housing.
(2) Acquisition or rehabilitation of a structure to provide transitional or permanent housing, other than emergency shelter, or to provide supportive services.
(3) Leasing of property, or portions of property, not owned by the recipient or project sponsor involved, for use in providing transitional or permanent housing, or providing supportive services.
(4) Provision of rental assistance to provide transitional or permanent housing to eligible persons. The rental assistance may include tenant-based, project-based, or sponsor-based rental assistance. Project-based rental assistance, sponsor-based rental assistance, and operating cost assistance contracts carried out by project sponsors receiving grants under this section may, at the discretion of the applicant and the project sponsor, have an initial term of 15 years, with assistance for the first 5 years paid with funds authorized for appropriation under this chapter, and assistance for the remainder of the term treated as a renewal of an expiring contract as provided in
(5) Payment of operating costs for housing units assisted under this part or for the preservation of housing that will serve homeless individuals and families and for which another form of assistance is expiring or otherwise no longer available.
(6) Supportive services for individuals and families who are currently homeless, who have been homeless in the prior six months but are currently residing in permanent housing, or who were previously homeless and are currently residing in permanent supportive housing.
(7) Provision of rehousing services, including housing search, mediation or outreach to property owners, credit repair, providing security or utility deposits, rental assistance for a final month at a location, assistance with moving costs, or other activities that—
(A) are effective at moving homeless individuals and families immediately into housing; or
(B) may benefit individuals and families who in the prior 6 months have been homeless, but are currently residing in permanent housing.
(8) In the case of a collaborative applicant that is a legal entity, performance of the duties described under
(9) Operation of, participation in, and ensuring consistent participation by project sponsors in, a community-wide homeless management information system.
(10) In the case of a collaborative applicant that is a legal entity, payment of administrative costs related to meeting the requirements described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of
(11) In the case of a collaborative applicant that is a unified funding agency under
(12) Payment of administrative costs to project sponsors, for which each project sponsor may use not more than 10 percent of the total funds made available to that project sponsor through this part for such costs.
(13) 1 Facilitating and coordinating activities to ensure compliance with subsection (e) of
(13) 1 Projects in rural areas that consist of one or more of the following activities:
(A) Payment of short-term emergency lodging, including in motels or shelters, directly or through vouchers.
(B) Repairs to units—
(i) in which homeless individuals and families will be housed; or
(ii) which are currently not fit for human habitation.
(C) Staff training, professional development, skill development, and staff retention activities.
(b) Minimum grant terms
The Secretary may impose minimum grant terms of up to 5 years for new projects providing permanent housing.
(c) Use restrictions
(1) Acquisition, rehabilitation, and new construction
A project that consists of activities described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a) shall be operated for the purpose specified in the application submitted for the project under
(2) Other activities
A project that consists of activities described in any of paragraphs (3) through (12) of subsection (a) shall be operated for the purpose specified in the application submitted for the project under
(3) Conversion
If the recipient or project sponsor carrying out a project that provides transitional or permanent housing submits a request to the Secretary to carry out instead a project for the direct benefit of low-income persons, and the Secretary determines that the initial project is no longer needed to provide transitional or permanent housing, the Secretary may approve the project described in the request and authorize the recipient or project sponsor to carry out that project.
(d) Repayment of assistance and prevention of undue benefits
(1) Repayment
If a recipient or project sponsor receives assistance under
(A) earlier than 10 years after operation of the project begins, the Secretary shall require the recipient or project sponsor to repay 100 percent of the assistance; or
(B) not earlier than 10 years, but earlier than 15 years, after operation of the project begins, the Secretary shall require the recipient or project sponsor to repay 20 percent of the assistance for each of the years in the 15-year period for which the project fails to provide that housing.
(2) Prevention of undue benefits
Except as provided in paragraph (3), if any property is used for a project that receives assistance under subsection (a) and consists of activities described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a), and the sale or other disposition of the property occurs before the expiration of the 15-year period beginning on the date that operation of the project begins, the recipient or project sponsor who received the assistance shall comply with such terms and conditions as the Secretary may prescribe to prevent the recipient or project sponsor from unduly benefitting from such sale or disposition.
(3) Exception
A recipient or project sponsor shall not be required to make the repayments, and comply with the terms and conditions, required under paragraph (1) or (2) if—
(A) the sale or disposition of the property used for the project results in the use of the property for the direct benefit of very low-income persons;
(B) all of the proceeds of the sale or disposition are used to provide transitional or permanent housing meeting the requirements of this part;
(C) project-based rental assistance or operating cost assistance from any Federal program or an equivalent State or local program is no longer made available and the project is meeting applicable performance standards, provided that the portion of the project that had benefitted from such assistance continues to meet the tenant income and rent restrictions for low-income units under
(D) there are no individuals and families in the geographic area who are homeless, in which case the project may serve individuals and families at risk of homelessness.
(e) Staff training
The Secretary may allow reasonable costs associated with staff training to be included as part of the activities described in subsection (a).
(f) Eligibility for permanent housing
Any project that receives assistance under subsection (a) and that provides project-based or sponsor-based permanent housing for homeless individuals or families with a disability, including projects that meet the requirements of subsection (a) and subsection (d)(2)(A) of
(g) Administration of rental assistance
Provision of permanent housing rental assistance shall be administered by a State, unit of general local government, private nonprofit organization, or public housing agency.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(4), was in the original "this Act", meaning
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11383,
Another prior section 11383,
Amendments
2022—Subsec. (a)(13).
2015—Subsec. (g).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2022 Amendment
Amendment by
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
Definition
For provisions relating to definition of "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
1 So in original. Two pars. (13) have been enacted.
§11384. Incentives for high-performing communities
(a) Designation as a high-performing community
(1) In general
The Secretary shall designate, on an annual basis, which collaborative applicants represent high-performing communities.
(2) Consideration
In determining whether to designate a collaborative applicant as a high-performing community under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall establish criteria to ensure that the requirements described under paragraphs (1)(B) and (2)(B) of subsection (d) are measured by comparing homeless individuals and families under similar circumstances, in order to encourage projects in the geographic area to serve homeless individuals and families with more severe barriers to housing stability.
(3) 2-year phase in
In each of the first 2 years after the effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, the Secretary shall designate not more than 10 collaborative applicants as high-performing communities.
(4) Excess of qualified applicants
If, during the 2-year period described under paragraph (2), more than 10 collaborative applicants could qualify to be designated as high-performing communities, the Secretary shall designate the 10 that have, in the discretion of the Secretary, the best performance based on the criteria described under subsection (d).
(5) Time limit on designation
The designation of any collaborative applicant as a high-performing community under this subsection shall be effective only for the year in which such designation is made. The Secretary, on an annual basis, may renew any such designation.
(b) Application
(1) In general
A collaborative applicant seeking designation as a high-performing community under subsection (a) shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, and in such manner as the Secretary may require.
(2) Content of application
In any application submitted under paragraph (1), a collaborative applicant shall include in such application—
(A) a report showing how any money received under this part in the preceding year was expended; and
(B) information that such applicant can meet the requirements described under subsection (d).
(3) Publication of application
The Secretary shall—
(A) publish any report or information submitted in an application under this section in the geographic area represented by the collaborative applicant; and
(B) seek comments from the public as to whether the collaborative applicant seeking designation as a high-performing community meets the requirements described under subsection (d).
(c) Use of funds
Funds awarded under
(1) for any of the eligible activities described in
(2) for any of the eligible activities described in paragraphs (4) and (5) of
(d) Definition of high-performing community
For purposes of this section, the term "high-performing community" means a geographic area that demonstrates through reliable data that all five of the following requirements are met for that geographic area:
(1) Term of homelessness
The mean length of episodes of homelessness for that geographic area—
(A) is less than 20 days; or
(B) for individuals and families in similar circumstances in the preceding year was at least 10 percent less than in the year before.
(2) Families leaving homelessness
Of individuals and families—
(A) who leave homelessness, fewer than 5 percent of such individuals and families become homeless again at any time within the next 2 years; or
(B) in similar circumstances who leave homelessness, the percentage of such individuals and families who become homeless again within the next 2 years has decreased by at least 20 percent from the preceding year.
(3) Community action
The communities that compose the geographic area have—
(A) actively encouraged homeless individuals and families to participate in homeless assistance services available in that geographic area; and
(B) included each homeless individual or family who sought homeless assistance services in the data system used by that community for determining compliance with this subsection.
(4) Effectiveness of previous activities
If recipients in the geographic area have used funding awarded under
(5) Flexibility to serve persons defined as homeless under other Federal laws
With respect to collaborative applicants exercising the authority under
(e) Cooperation among entities
A collaborative applicant designated as a high-performing community under this section shall cooperate with the Secretary in distributing information about successful efforts within the geographic area represented by the collaborative applicant to reduce homelessness.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (a)(3), is the effective date under section 1503 of title V of div. B of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11384,
Another prior section 11384,
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
1 So in original. Probably should be "section".
§11385. Supportive services
(a) In general
To the extent practicable, each project shall provide supportive services for residents of the project and homeless persons using the project, which may be designed by the recipient or participants.
(b) Requirements
Supportive services provided in connection with a project shall address the special needs of individuals (such as homeless persons with disabilities and homeless families with children) intended to be served by a project.
(c) Services
Supportive services may include such activities as (A) establishing and operating a child care services program for homeless families, (B) establishing and operating an employment assistance program, (C) providing outpatient health services, food, and case management, (D) providing assistance in obtaining permanent housing, employment counseling, and nutritional counseling, (E) providing security arrangements necessary for the protection of residents of supportive housing and for homeless persons using the housing or project, (F) providing assistance in obtaining other Federal, State, and local assistance available for such residents (including mental health benefits, employment counseling, and medical assistance, but not including major medical equipment), and (G) providing other appropriate services.
(d) Provision of services
Services provided pursuant to this section may be provided directly by the recipient or by contract with other public or private service providers. Such services may be provided to homeless individuals who do not reside in supportive housing.
(e) Coordination with Secretary of Health and Human Services
(1) Approval
Promptly upon receipt of any application for assistance under this part that includes the provision of outpatient health services, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services with respect to the proposed outpatient health services. If, within 45 days of such consultation, the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines that the proposal for delivery of the outpatient health services does not meet guidelines for determining the appropriateness of such proposed services, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may require resubmission of the application, and the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development may not approve such portion of the application unless and until such portion has been resubmitted in a form that the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines meets such guidelines.
(2) Guidelines
The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall jointly establish guidelines for determining the appropriateness of proposed outpatient health services under this section. Such guidelines shall include any provisions necessary to enable the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to meet the time limits under this part for the final selection of applications for assistance.
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11385,
§11386. Program requirements
(a) Site control
The Secretary shall require that each application include reasonable assurances that the applicant will own or have control of a site for the proposed project not later than the expiration of the 12-month period beginning upon notification of an award for grant assistance, unless the application proposes providing supportive housing assistance under
(b) Required agreements
The Secretary may not provide assistance for a proposed project under this part unless the collaborative applicant involved agrees—
(1) to ensure the operation of the project in accordance with the provisions of this part;
(2) to monitor and report to the Secretary the progress of the project;
(3) to ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that individuals and families experiencing homelessness are involved, through employment, provision of volunteer services, or otherwise, in constructing, rehabilitating, maintaining, and operating facilities for the project and in providing supportive services for the project;
(4) to require certification from all project sponsors that—
(A) they will maintain the confidentiality of records pertaining to any individual or family provided family violence prevention or treatment services through the project;
(B) that 1 the address or location of any family violence shelter project assisted under this part will not be made public, except with written authorization of the person responsible for the operation of such project;
(C) they will establish policies and practices that are consistent with, and do not restrict the exercise of rights provided by, part B of subchapter VI [
(D) in the case of programs that provide housing or services to families, they will designate a staff person to be responsible for ensuring that children being served in the program are enrolled in school and connected to appropriate services in the community, including early childhood programs such as Head Start, part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act [
(E) they will provide data and reports as required by the Secretary pursuant to the Act; 2
(5) if a collaborative applicant is a unified funding agency under
(6) to monitor and report to the Secretary the provision of matching funds as required by
(7) to take the educational needs of children into account when families are placed in emergency or transitional shelter and will, to the maximum extent practicable, place families with children as close as possible to their school of origin so as not to disrupt such children's education; and
(8) to comply with such other terms and conditions as the Secretary may establish to carry out this part in an effective and efficient manner.
(c) Occupancy charge
Each homeless individual or family residing in a project providing supportive housing may be required to pay an occupancy charge in an amount determined by the recipient or project sponsor providing the project, which may not exceed the amount determined under
(d) Flood protection standards
Flood protection standards applicable to housing acquired, rehabilitated, constructed, or assisted under this part shall be no more restrictive than the standards applicable under Executive Order No. 11988 (May 24, 1977) to the other programs under this subchapter.
(e) Participation of homeless individuals
The Secretary shall, by regulation, require each recipient or project sponsor to provide for the participation of not less than 1 homeless individual or former homeless individual on the board of directors or other equivalent policymaking entity of the recipient or project sponsor, to the extent that such entity considers and makes policies and decisions regarding any project, supportive services, or assistance provided under this part. The Secretary may grant waivers to applicants unable to meet the requirement under the preceding sentence if the applicant agrees to otherwise consult with homeless or formerly homeless individuals in considering and making such policies and decisions.
(f) Limitation on use of funds
No assistance received under this part (or any State or local government funds used to supplement such assistance) may be used to replace other State or local funds previously used, or designated for use, to assist homeless persons.
(g) Termination of assistance
If an individual or family who receives assistance under this part (not including residents of an emergency shelter) from a recipient violates program requirements, the recipient may terminate assistance in accordance with a formal process established by the recipient that recognizes the rights of individuals receiving such assistance to due process of law, which may include a hearing.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(D), is title VI of
The Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(4)(E), probably means "this Act",
Executive Order No. 11988, referred to in subsec. (d), is set out as a note under
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11386,
Amendments
2009—Subsecs. (a), (b).
Subsec. (c).
Subsec. (d).
Subsec. (e).
Subsec. (f).
Subsec. (g).
Subsec. (h).
Subsec. (i).
Subsec. (j).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by
Definition
For provisions relating to definition of "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
1 So in original. The word "that" probably should not appear.
2 See References in Text note below.
§11386a. Selection criteria
(a) In general
The Secretary shall award funds to recipients through a national competition between geographic areas based on criteria established by the Secretary.
(b) Required criteria
(1) In general
The criteria established under subsection (a) shall include—
(A) the previous performance of the recipient regarding homelessness, including performance related to funds provided under
(i) the length of time individuals and families remain homeless;
(ii) the extent to which individuals and families who leave homelessness experience additional spells of homelessness;
(iii) the thoroughness of grantees in the geographic area in reaching homeless individuals and families;
(iv) overall reduction in the number of homeless individuals and families;
(v) jobs and income growth for homeless individuals and families;
(vi) success at reducing the number of individuals and families who become homeless;
(vii) other accomplishments by the recipient related to reducing homelessness; and
(viii) for collaborative applicants that have exercised the authority under
(B) the plan of the recipient, which shall describe—
(i) how the number of individuals and families who become homeless will be reduced in the community;
(ii) how the length of time that individuals and families remain homeless will be reduced;
(iii) how the recipient will collaborate with local education authorities to assist in the identification of individuals and families who become or remain homeless and are informed of their eligibility for services under part B of subchapter VI of this chapter (
(iv) the extent to which the recipient will—
(I) address the needs of all relevant subpopulations;
(II) incorporate comprehensive strategies for reducing homelessness, including the interventions referred to in
(III) set quantifiable performance measures;
(IV) set timelines for completion of specific tasks;
(V) identify specific funding sources for planned activities; and
(VI) identify an individual or body responsible for overseeing implementation of specific strategies; and
(v) whether the recipient proposes to exercise authority to use funds under
(C) the methodology of the recipient used to determine the priority for funding local projects under
(i) uses periodically collected information and analysis to determine the extent to which each project has resulted in rapid return to permanent housing for those served by the project, taking into account the severity of barriers faced by the people the project serves;
(ii) considers the full range of opinions from individuals or entities with knowledge of homelessness in the geographic area or an interest in preventing or ending homelessness in the geographic area;
(iii) is based on objective criteria that have been publicly announced by the recipient; and
(iv) is open to proposals from entities that have not previously received funds under this part;
(D) the extent to which the amount of assistance to be provided under this part to the recipient will be supplemented with resources from other public and private sources, including mainstream programs identified by the Government Accountability Office in the two reports described in
(E) demonstrated coordination by the recipient with the other Federal, State, local, private, and other entities serving individuals and families experiencing homelessness and at risk of homelessness in the planning and operation of projects;
(F) for collaborative applicants exercising the authority under
(i) preventing homelessness among the subset of such families with children and youth who are at highest risk of becoming homeless, as such term is defined for purposes of this subchapter; or
(ii) achieving independent living in permanent housing among such families with children and youth, especially those who have a history of doubled-up and other temporary housing situations or are living in a temporary housing situation due to lack of available and appropriate emergency shelter, through the provision of eligible assistance that directly contributes to achieving such results including assistance to address chronic disabilities, chronic physical health or mental health conditions, substance addiction, histories of domestic violence or childhood abuse, or multiple barriers to employment; and
(G) such other factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate to carry out this part in an effective and efficient manner.
(2) Additional criteria
In addition to the criteria required under paragraph (1), the criteria established under paragraph (1) shall also include the need within the geographic area for homeless services, determined as follows and under the following conditions:
(A) Notice
The Secretary shall inform each collaborative applicant, at a time concurrent with the release of the notice of funding availability for the grants, of the pro rata estimated grant amount under this part for the geographic area represented by the collaborative applicant.
(B) Amount
(i) Formula
Such estimated grant amounts shall be determined by a formula, which shall be developed by the Secretary, by regulation, not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning upon May 20, 2009, that is based upon factors that are appropriate to allocate funds to meet the goals and objectives of this part.
(ii) Combinations or consortia
For a collaborative applicant that represents a combination or consortium of cities or counties, the estimated need amount shall be the sum of the estimated need amounts for the cities or counties represented by the collaborative applicant.
(iii) Authority of Secretary
Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall increase the estimated need amount for a geographic area if necessary to provide 1 year of renewal funding for all expiring contracts entered into under this part for the geographic area.
(3) Homelessness counts
The Secretary shall not require that communities conduct an actual count of homeless people other than those described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of
(c) Adjustments
The Secretary may adjust the formula described in subsection (b)(2) as necessary—
(1) to ensure that each collaborative applicant has sufficient funding to renew all qualified projects for at least one year; and
(2) to ensure that collaborative applicants are not discouraged from replacing renewal projects with new projects that the collaborative applicant determines will better be able to meet the purposes of this chapter.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original "this Act", meaning
Prior Provisions
A prior section 427 of
Another prior section 427 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11386b. Allocation of amounts and incentives for specific eligible activities
(a) Minimum allocation for permanent housing for homeless individuals and families with disabilities
(1) In general
From the amounts made available to carry out this part for a fiscal year, a portion equal to not less than 30 percent of the sums made available to carry out part B and this part, shall be used for permanent housing for homeless individuals with disabilities and homeless families that include such an individual who is an adult or a minor head of household if no adult is present in the household.
(2) Calculation
In calculating the portion of the amount described in paragraph (1) that is used for activities that are described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall not count funds made available to renew contracts for existing projects under
(3) Adjustment
The 30 percent figure in paragraph (1) shall be reduced proportionately based on need under
(4) Suspension
The requirement established in paragraph (1) shall be suspended for any year in which funding available for grants under this part after making the allocation established in paragraph (1) would not be sufficient to renew for 1 year all existing grants that would otherwise be fully funded under this part.
(5) Termination
The requirement established in paragraph (1) shall terminate upon a finding by the Secretary that since the beginning of 2001 at least 150,000 new units of permanent housing for homeless individuals and families with disabilities have been funded under this part.
(b) Set-aside for permanent housing for homeless families with children
From the amounts made available to carry out this part for a fiscal year, a portion equal to not less than 10 percent of the sums made available to carry out part B and this part for that fiscal year shall be used to provide or secure permanent housing for homeless families with children.
(c) Treatment of amounts for permanent or transitional housing
Nothing in this chapter may be construed to establish a limit on the amount of funding that an applicant may request under this part for acquisition, construction, or rehabilitation activities for the development of permanent housing or transitional housing.
(d) Incentives for proven strategies
(1) In general
The Secretary shall provide bonuses or other incentives to geographic areas for using funding under this part for activities that have been proven to be effective at reducing homelessness generally, reducing homelessness for a specific subpopulation, or achieving homeless prevention and independent living goals as set forth in
(2) Rule of construction
For purposes of this subsection, activities that have been proven to be effective at reducing homelessness generally or reducing homelessness for a specific subpopulation includes—
(A) permanent supportive housing for chronically homeless individuals and families;
(B) for homeless families, rapid rehousing services, short-term flexible subsidies to overcome barriers to rehousing, support services concentrating on improving incomes to pay rent, coupled with performance measures emphasizing rapid and permanent rehousing and with leveraging funding from mainstream family service systems such as Temporary Assistance for Needy Families and Child Welfare services; and
(C) any other activity determined by the Secretary, based on research and after notice and comment to the public, to have been proven effective at reducing homelessness generally, reducing homelessness for a specific subpopulation, or achieving homeless prevention and independent living goals as set forth in
(3) Balance of incentives for proven strategies
To the extent practicable, in providing bonuses or incentives for proven strategies, the Secretary shall seek to maintain a balance among strategies targeting homeless individuals, families, and other subpopulations. The Secretary shall not implement bonuses or incentives that specifically discourage collaborative applicants from exercising their flexibility to serve families with children and youth defined as homeless under other Federal statutes.
(e) Incentives for successful implementation of proven strategies
If any geographic area demonstrates that it has fully implemented any of the activities described in subsection (d) for all homeless individuals and families or for all members of subpopulations for whom such activities are targeted, that geographic area shall receive the bonus or incentive provided under subsection (d), but may use such bonus or incentive for any eligible activity under either
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c), was in the original "this Act", meaning
Prior Provisions
A prior section 428 of
Another prior section 428 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11386c. Renewal funding and terms of assistance for permanent housing
(a) In general
Renewal of expiring contracts for leasing, rental assistance, or operating costs for permanent housing contracts may be funded either—
(1) under the appropriations account for this subchapter; or
(2) the section 8 [
(b) Renewals
The sums made available under subsection (a) shall be available for the renewal of contracts in the case of tenant-based assistance, successive 1-year terms, and in the case of project-based assistance, successive terms of up to 15 years at the discretion of the applicant or project sponsor and subject to the availability of annual appropriations, for rental assistance and housing operation costs associated with permanent housing projects funded under this part, or under part C or F (as in effect on the day before the effective date of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009). The Secretary shall determine whether to renew a contract for such a permanent housing project on the basis of certification by the collaborative applicant for the geographic area that—
(1) there is a demonstrated need for the project; and
(2) the project complies with program requirements and appropriate standards of housing quality and habitability, as determined by the Secretary.
(c) Construction
Nothing in this section shall be construed as prohibiting the Secretary from renewing contracts under this part in accordance with criteria set forth in a provision of this part other than this section.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The effective date of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (b), probably means the general effective date under section 1503 of
Prior Provisions
A prior section 429 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11386d. Matching funding
(a) In general
A collaborative applicant in a geographic area in which funds are awarded under this part shall specify contributions from any source other than a grant awarded under this part, including renewal funding of projects assisted under parts C, D, and F of this subchapter as in effect before the effective date under section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, that shall be made available in the geographic area in an amount equal to not less than 25 percent of the funds provided to recipients in the geographic area, except that grants for leasing shall not be subject to any match requirement.
(b) Limitations on in-kind match
The cash value of services provided to the residents or clients of a project sponsor by an entity other than the project sponsor may count toward the contributions in subsection (a) only when documented by a memorandum of understanding between the project sponsor and the other entity that such services will be provided.
(c) Countable activities
The contributions required under subsection (a) may consist of—
(1) funding for any eligible activity described under
(2) subject to subsection (b), in-kind provision of services of any eligible activity described under
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
Section 1503 of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 1503 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11386e. Appeal procedure
(a) In general
With respect to funding under this part, if certification of consistency with the consolidated plan pursuant to
(b) Procedure
The Secretary shall establish a procedure to process the appeals described in subsection (a).
(c) Determination
Not later than 45 days after the date of receipt of an appeal described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall determine if certification was unreasonably withheld. If such certification was unreasonably withheld, the Secretary shall review such application and determine if such applicant shall receive funding under this part.
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 431 of
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date
Section effective on the earlier of 18 months after May 20, 2009, or 3 months after publication of certain final regulations by Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, see section 1503 of
§11386f. Geographic areas
(a) Requirement to define
For purposes of this part, the term "geographic area" shall have such meaning as the Secretary shall by notice provide.
(b) Issuance of notice
Not later than the expiration of the 90-day period beginning on July 29, 2016, the Secretary shall issue a notice setting forth the definition required by subsection (a).
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 432 of
Another prior section 432 of
Another prior section 432 of
§11387. Regulations
Not later than the expiration of the 90-day period beginning on October 28, 1992, the Secretary shall issue interim regulations to carry out this part, which shall take effect upon issuance. The Secretary shall issue final regulations to carry out this part after notice and opportunity for public comment regarding the interim regulations, pursuant to the provisions of
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11387,
A prior section 433 of
Another prior section 433 of
Another prior section 433 of
§11388. Reports to Congress
The Secretary shall submit a report to the Congress annually, summarizing the activities carried out under this part and setting forth the findings, conclusions, and recommendations of the Secretary as a result of the activities. The report shall be submitted not later than 4 months after the end of each fiscal year (except that, in the case of fiscal year 1993, the report shall be submitted not later than 6 months after the end of the fiscal year).
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11388,
A prior section 434 of
Another prior section 434 of
§11389. Indian tribes and tribally designated housing entities
Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, for purposes of this part, an Indian Tribe or tribally designated housing entity (as defined in
(1) be a collaborative applicant or eligible entity; or
(2) receive grant amounts from another entity that receives a grant directly from the Secretary, and use the amounts in accordance with this part.
(
Editorial Notes
Prior Provisions
A prior section 11389,
Prior sections 11391 to 11407b, consisting of former parts D to F of this subchapter which related to safe havens for homeless individuals demonstration program, miscellaneous provisions, and shelter plus care program, respectively, were repealed by
Section 11391,
Another prior section 11391,
Section 11392,
Another prior section 11392,
Section 11393,
Another prior section 11393,
Section 11394,
Another prior section 11394,
Section 11395,
Section 11396,
Section 11397,
Section 11398,
Section 11399,
Section 11401,
Section 11402,
Section 11403,
Section 11403a,
Section 11403b,
Section 11403c,
Section 11403d,
Section 11403e,
Section 11403e–1,
Section 11403e–2,
Section 11403e–3,
Section 11403e–4,
Section 11403f,
Another prior section 461 of
Section 11403f–1,
Another prior section 462 of
Another prior section 462 of
Section 11403g,
Another prior section 463 of
Another prior section 463 of
Section 11403h,
Another prior section 464 of
Section 11404,
Another prior section 11404,
Another prior section 471 of
Section 11404a,
Another prior section 472 of
Section 11404b,
Another prior section 473 of
Section 11405,
Another prior section 11405,
Section 11405a,
Another prior section 11405a,
Section 11405b,
Another prior section 11405b,
Section 11405c,
Section 11406,
Another prior section 11406,
Section 11406a,
Another prior section 11406a,
Section 11406b,
Another prior section 11406b,
Section 11406c,
Section 11407,
Section 11407a,
Section 11407b,
Part D—Rural Housing Stability Assistance Program
Editorial Notes
Codification
Prior Provisions
A prior part D, consisting of sections 11391 to 11399, which related to safe havens for homeless individuals demonstration program, was repealed by
Prior parts E and F, consisting of sections 11401 to 11407b, which related to miscellaneous provisions and shelter plus care program, respectively, were repealed by
§11408. Rural housing stability grant program
(a) Establishment
The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall establish and carry out a rural housing stability grant program. In carrying out the program, the Secretary may award grants to eligible organizations in lieu of grants under part C in order to pay for the Federal share of the cost of—
(1) rehousing or improving the housing situations of individuals and families who are homeless or in the worst housing situations in the geographic area;
(2) stabilizing the housing of individuals and families who are in imminent danger of losing housing; and
(3) improving the ability of the lowest-income residents of the community to afford stable housing.
(b) Use of funds
(1) In general
An eligible organization may use a grant awarded under subsection (a) to provide, in rural areas—
(A) rent, mortgage, or utility assistance after 2 months of nonpayment in order to prevent eviction, foreclosure, or loss of utility service;
(B) security deposits, rent for the first month of residence at a new location, and relocation assistance;
(C) short-term emergency lodging in motels or shelters, either directly or through vouchers;
(D) construction of new housing units to provide transitional or permanent housing to homeless individuals and families and individuals and families at risk of homelessness;
(E) acquisition or rehabilitation of a structure to provide supportive services or to provide transitional or permanent housing, other than emergency shelter, to homeless individuals and families and individuals and families at risk of homelessness;
(F) leasing of property, or portions of property, not owned by the recipient or project sponsor involved, for use in providing transitional or permanent housing to homeless individuals and families and individuals and families at risk of homelessness, or providing supportive services to such homeless and at-risk individuals and families;
(G) provision of rental assistance to provide transitional or permanent housing to homeless individuals and families and individuals and families at risk of homelessness, such rental assistance may include tenant-based or project-based rental assistance;
(H) payment of operating costs for housing units assisted under this subchapter;
(I) rehabilitation and repairs such as insulation, window repair, door repair, roof repair, and repairs that are necessary to make premises habitable;
(J) development of comprehensive and coordinated support services that use and supplement, as needed, community networks of services, including—
(i) outreach services to reach eligible recipients;
(ii) case management;
(iii) housing counseling;
(iv) budgeting;
(v) job training and placement;
(vi) primary health care;
(vii) mental health services;
(viii) substance abuse treatment;
(ix) child care;
(x) transportation;
(xi) emergency food and clothing;
(xii) family violence services;
(xiii) education services;
(xiv) moving services;
(xv) entitlement assistance; and
(xvi) referrals to veterans services and legal services; and
(K) costs associated with making use of Federal inventory property programs to house homeless families, including the program established under subchapter V of this chapter and the Single Family Property Disposition Program established pursuant to
(2) Capacity building activities
Not more than 20 percent of the funds transferred under subsection (l)(1) for a fiscal year may be used by eligible organizations for capacity building activities, including payment of operating costs and staff retention.
(c) Award of grants
(1) Communities with populations of less than 10,000
(A) Set aside
In awarding grants under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall make available not less than 50 percent of the funds transferred under subsection (l)(1) for the fiscal year for grants to eligible organizations serving communities that have populations of less than 10,000.
(B) Priority within set aside
In awarding grants in accordance with subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give priority to eligible organizations serving communities with populations of less than 5,000.
(2) Communities without significant Federal assistance
In awarding grants under subsection (a), including grants awarded in accordance with paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give priority to eligible organizations serving communities not currently receiving significant Federal assistance under this chapter.
(3) State limit
In awarding grants under subsection (a) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall not award to eligible organizations within a State an aggregate sum of more than 10 percent of the funds transferred under subsection (l)(1), for the fiscal year.
(d) Application
In order to be eligible to receive a grant under subsection (a), an organization shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. The application shall include, at a minimum—
(1) a description of the target population and geographic area to be served;
(2) a description of the types of assistance to be provided;
(3) an assurance that the assistance to be provided is closely related to the identified needs of the target population;
(4) a description of the existing assistance available to the target population, including Federal, State, and local programs, and a description of the manner in which the organization will coordinate with and expand existing assistance or provide assistance not available in the immediate area;
(5) an agreement by the organization that the organization will collect data on the projects conducted by the organization, including assistance provided, number and characteristics of persons served, and causes of homelessness for persons served;
(6) a description of how individuals and families who are homeless or who have the lowest incomes in the community will be involved by the organization through employment, volunteer services, and otherwise, in providing, operating, and rehabilitating housing assisted under this section and in providing services assisted under this section and services for occupants of housing assisted under this section;
(7) a description of consultations that took place within the community to ascertain the most important uses for funding under this section, including the involvement of potential beneficiaries of the project; and
(8) a description of the extent and nature of homelessness and of the worst housing situations in the community.
(e) Eligible organizations
Organizations eligible to receive a grant under subsection (a) shall include private nonprofit entities and county and local governments.
(f) Matching funding
(1) In general
An organization eligible to receive a grant under subsection (a) shall specify matching contributions from any source other than a grant awarded under this part, that shall be made available in the geographic area in an amount equal to not less than 25 percent of the funds provided for the project or activity, except that grants for leasing shall not be subject to any match requirement.
(2) Limitations on in-kind match
The cash value of services provided to the beneficiaries or clients of an eligible organization by an entity other than the organization may count toward the contributions in paragraph (1) only when documented by a memorandum of understanding between the organization and the other entity that such services will be provided.
(3) Countable activities
The contributions required under paragraph (1) may consist of—
(A) funding for any eligible activity described under subsection (b); and
(B) subject to paragraph (2), in-kind provision of services of any eligible activity described under subsection (b).
(g) Selection criteria
The Secretary shall establish criteria for selecting recipients of grants under subsection (a), including—
(1) the participation of potential beneficiaries of the project in assessing the need for, and importance of, the project in the community;
(2) the degree to which the project addresses the most harmful housing situations present in the community;
(3) the degree of collaboration with others in the community to meet the goals described in subsection (a);
(4) the performance of the organization in improving housing situations, taking account of the severity of barriers of individuals and families served by the organization;
(5) for organizations that have previously received funding under this section, the extent of improvement in homelessness and the worst housing situations in the community since such funding began;
(6) the need for such funds, as determined by the formula established under
(7) any other relevant criteria as determined by the Secretary.
(h) Evaluation
(1) In general
Not later than 18 months after funding is first made available pursuant to the amendments made by title IV of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, the Secretary shall conduct an evaluation of the program to—
(A) determine the effectiveness of the program in meeting the goals described in subsection (a) in the area served; and
(B) determine the types of assistance needed to meet the goals described in subsection (a) in rural areas.
(2) Report
Not later than 24 months after funding is first made available pursuant to the amendment made by title IV of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, the Secretary shall submit to Congress the evaluation of the program conducted under paragraph (1), including recommendations for any Federal administrative or legislative changes that may be necessary to improve the ability of rural communities to meet the goals described in subsection (a).
(i) Technical assistance
The Secretary shall provide technical assistance to eligible organizations in developing programs in accordance with this section, and in gaining access to other Federal resources that may be used to assist homeless persons in rural areas. Such assistance may be provided through regional workshops, and may be provided directly or through grants to, or contracts with, nongovernmental entities.
(j) Termination of assistance
If an individual or family who receives assistance under this section violates requirements of the assistance program provided by the organization receiving a grant under this section, the organization may terminate assistance in accordance with a formal process established by the organization that recognizes the rights of individuals receiving such assistance to due process of law, which may include a hearing.
(k) Definitions
For purposes of this section:
(1) Program
The term "program" means the rural housing stability grant program established under this section.
(2) Rural area; rural community
The terms "rural area" and "rural community" mean—
(A) any area or community, respectively, no part of which is within an area designated as a standard metropolitan statistical area by the Office of Management and Budget;
(B) any area or community, respectively, that is—
(i) within an area designated as a metropolitan statistical area or considered as part of a metropolitan statistical area; and
(ii) located in a county where at least 75 percent of the population is rural; or
(C) any area or community, respectively, located in a State that has population density of less than 30 persons per square mile (as reported in the most recent decennial census), and of which at least 1.25 percent of the total acreage of such State is under Federal jurisdiction, provided that no metropolitan city (as such term is defined in
(3) Secretary
The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
(l) Program funding
(1) In general
The Secretary shall determine the total amount of funding attributable under
(2) Availability
Any amount paid to a grant recipient for a fiscal year that remains unobligated at the end of the year shall remain available to the recipient for the purposes for which the payment was made for the next fiscal year. The Secretary shall take such action as may be necessary to recover any amount not obligated by the recipient at the end of the second fiscal year, and shall redistribute the amount to another eligible organization.
(m) Determination of funding source
For any fiscal year, in addition to funds awarded under part B, funds under this subchapter to be used in a city or county shall only be awarded under either part C or part D.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was in the original "this Act", meaning
Title IV of the Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act of 2009, referred to in subsec. (h), is title IV of div. B of
Amendments
2009—
Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (a)(1) to (3).
"(1) assisting programs providing direct emergency assistance to homeless individuals and families;
"(2) providing homelessness prevention assistance to individuals and families at risk of becoming homeless; and
"(3) assisting individuals and families in obtaining access to permanent housing and supportive services."
Subsec. (b)(1)(D) to (K).
Subsecs. (b)(2), (c)(1)(A), (3).
Subsec. (d)(6).
Subsec. (d)(7), (8).
Subsecs. (f), (g).
Subsec. (h)(1).
Subsec. (h)(2).
Subsec. (k)(1).
Subsec. (k)(2)(B)(ii).
Subsec. (k)(2)(C).
Subsec. (l).
Subsec. (l)(1).
Subsec. (m).
1996—Subsec. (e).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Amendment by
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Amendment by
Amendment by
Definition
For provisions relating to definition of "local government" as used in this section, see section 100261 of
§11408a. Use of FMHA inventory for transitional housing for homeless persons and for turnkey housing
(a) In general
The Secretary of Agriculture (in this section referred to as the "Secretary") shall, on a priority basis, lease or sell program and nonprogram inventory properties held by the Secretary under title V of the Housing Act of 1949 [
(1) to provide transitional housing; and
(2) to provide turnkey housing for tenants of such transitional housing and for eligible families.
(b) Priority
The priority uses of inventory property under this section shall not have a higher priority than—
(1) the disposition of such property by sale to eligible families; or
(2) the disposition of such property by transfer for use as rental housing by eligible families.
(c) Transitional housing
(1) Leases authorized
The Secretary shall lease inventory properties to public agencies and nonprofit organizations to provide transitional housing for homeless families and individuals and to provide such agencies the option to provide turnkey housing opportunities for homeless persons and other inadequately housed families.
(2) Rental to eligible families
A public agency or nonprofit organization may rent housing leased to it under paragraph (1) to a family for up to 10 years and may, during that period, assist the tenant in obtaining a loan and credit assistance under title V of the Housing Act of 1949 [
(d) Lease procedures
(1) Identification of property
Upon receipt by the Secretary of written notification from a public agency or nonprofit organization that it proposes to lease a property for the purpose of providing transitional housing or for the purpose of providing transitional housing and turnkey housing opportunities, the Secretary shall—
(A) withdraw the property from the market for not more than 30 days for the purpose of negotiations under subparagraph (B);
(B) negotiate a lease agreement with the organization or agency; and
(C) if a lease is agreed to, commence the repairs necessary to make the property meet standards for decent, safe, and sanitary housing.
(2) Lease terms
A lease of inventory property under this section shall—
(A) be for a period of not more than 10 years;
(B) provide for the payment of $1 for the 10-year lease; and
(C) provide the nonprofit organization or public agency—
(i) the right to use the property for transitional housing; and
(ii) the option to arrange for the sale of the property to an eligible purchaser.
(e) Purchase procedures
(1) Identification of property
Upon receipt by the Secretary of written notification from a public agency or nonprofit organization that it proposes to purchase a property for the purpose of providing transitional housing or for the purpose of providing transitional housing and turnkey housing opportunities, the Secretary shall—
(A) withdraw the property from the market for not more than 30 days for the purpose of negotiations under subparagraph (B);
(B) negotiate a purchase agreement with the organization or agency; and
(C) if a purchase agreement is agreed to, commence the repairs necessary to make the property meet standards for decent, safe, and sanitary housing.
(2) Purchase terms
A purchase of inventory property under this section shall provide for a purchase price equal to not more than the fair market value of the property minus 10 percent.
(f) Employment of homeless individuals
A public agency or nonprofit organization may lease or purchase property under this section only if the agency or organization, to the maximum extent practicable, involves homeless individuals and families, through employment, volunteer services, or otherwise, in maintaining, operating, and renovating any properties leased or acquired under this section and in providing any services for occupants of properties assisted under this section.
(g) Participation of homeless individuals
(1) In general
The Secretary shall, by regulation, require each public agency and nonprofit organization leasing or purchasing property under this section to provide for the participation of not less than 1 homeless individual or former homeless individual on the board of directors or other equivalent policy making entity of such agency or organization, to the extent that such organization or applicant considers and makes policies and decisions regarding any property acquired under this section.
(2) Waiver
The Secretary may grant a waiver to a public agency or nonprofit organization that is unable to meet the requirement of paragraph (1), if the agency or organization agrees to otherwise consult with homeless or formerly homeless individuals in considering and making such policies and decisions.
(h) Budget compliance
The authority provided to the Secretary under this section shall be effective only to the extent approved in advance in appropriations Acts.
(
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Housing Act of 1949, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (c)(2), is act July 15, 1949, ch. 338,