SUBCHAPTER II—EXPORT TRANSPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
§55311. Findings and purposes
(a)
(1) a productive and healthy agricultural industry and a strong and active United States maritime industry are vitally important to the economic well-being and security of the United States;
(2) both industries must compete in international markets increasingly dominated by foreign trade barriers and the subsidization practices of foreign governments; and
(3) increased agricultural exports and the use of merchant vessels of the United States contribute positively to the United States balance of trade and generate employment opportunities in the United States.
(b)
(1) enable the Secretary of Agriculture to plan export programs effectively, by clarifying the ocean transportation requirements applicable to those programs;
(2) take immediate and positive steps to promote the growth of the cargo-carrying capacity of the United States merchant marine;
(3) expand international trade in United States agricultural commodities and products and develop, maintain, and expand markets for United States agricultural exports;
(4) improve the efficiency of administration of both the commodity purchasing and selling activities and the ocean transportation activities associated with export programs sponsored by the Secretary;
(5) stimulate and promote the agricultural and maritime industries of the United States and encourage cooperative efforts by both industries to address their common problems; and
(6) provide for the appropriate disposition of these findings and purposes.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 55311 | 46 App.:1241d. |
In subsection (a)(1), the word "security" is substituted for "national security objectives" to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (b), the words "Secretary of Agriculture" in paragraph (1) and "Secretary" in paragraph (4) are substituted for "Department of Agriculture" because all functions of the Department are vested in the Secretary under
§55312. Determining prevailing world market price
(a)
(b)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 55312 | 46 App.:1241f(e). | June 29, 1936, ch. 858, title IX, §901b(e), as added |
§55313. Exemption of certain agricultural exports from cargo preference provisions
(1) agricultural commodities or their products acquired by the Corporation are made available to United States exporters, users, processors, or foreign purchasers for the purpose of developing, maintaining, or expanding export markets for United States agricultural commodities or their products at prevailing world market prices;
(2) payments are made available to United States exporters, users, or processors or, except as provided in
(3) commercial credit guarantees are blended with direct credits from the Corporation to reduce the effective rate of interest on export sales of United States agricultural commodities or their products;
(4) credit or credit guarantees for not more than 3 years are extended by the Corporation to finance or guarantee export sales of United States agricultural commodities or their products; or
(5) agricultural commodities or their products owned or controlled by or under loan from the Corporation are exchanged or bartered for materials, goods, equipment, or services at least equal in value to the agricultural commodities or their products for which they are exchanged or bartered (determined on the basis of prevailing world market prices at the time of the exchange or barter), but this paragraph does not exempt from the cargo preference provisions referred to in
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 55313 | 46 App.:1241e. | June 29, 1936, ch. 858, title IX, §901a, as added |
§55314. Transportation requirements for certain exports sponsored by the Secretary of Agriculture
[(a) Repealed.
(b)
(1) carried out under the Food for Peace Act (
(2) carried out under section 416 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (
(3) carried out under the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act (
(4) under which agricultural commodities or their products are—
(A) donated through foreign governments or private or public agencies, including intergovernmental organizations; or
(B) sold for foreign currencies or for dollars on credit terms of more than 10 years;
(5) under which agricultural commodities or their products are made available for emergency food relief at less than prevailing world market prices;
(6) under which a cash grant is made directly or through an intermediary to a foreign purchaser to enable the purchaser to obtain United States agricultural commodities or their products in an amount greater than the difference between the prevailing world market price and the United States market price, free along side vessel at a United States port; or
(7) under which agricultural commodities owned or controlled by or under loan from the Corporation are exchanged or bartered for materials, goods, equipment, or services produced in foreign countries, except export activities described in
[(c) Repealed.
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 55314(a)(1) | 46 App.:1241f(a). | June 29, 1936, ch. 858, title IX, §901b(a)–(d), as added |
| 46 App.:1241o. | June 29, 1936, ch. 858, title IX, §901k, as added |
|
| 55314(a)(2) | 46 App.:1241f(c)(2). | |
| 55314(b) | 46 App.:1241f(b), (d). | |
| 55314(c) | 46 App.:1241f(c)(1), (3), (4). |
In this section, the words "commercial vessels of the United States" are substituted for "United States-flag commercial vessels" for consistency in the revised title.
In subsection (a)(1), before subparagraph (A), the text of 46 App. U.S.C. 1241f(a)(2)(A) and (B) is omitted as obsolete. Subparagraphs (A) and (B) are substituted for 46 App. U.S.C. 1241o to improve the organization and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (a)(2), the words "the 12-month period beginning October 1 of each year" are substituted for "12 month periods commencing April 1, 1986, the 18-month period beginning April 1, 2002, and the 12-month period beginning October 1, 2003, and each year thereafter" to eliminate obsolete and unnecessary language.
In subsection (c)(4), before subparagraph (A), the words "or instrumentality" are omitted as unnecessary because of the definition of "agency" in
Editorial Notes
References in Text
The Food for Peace Act, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469,
Amendments
2012—Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (b).
Subsec. (c).
2009—Subsec. (a).
2008—Subsec. (a).
Subsec. (a)(2).
Subsecs. (b)(1), (c)(2).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Effective Date of 2008 Amendment
Amendment by
§55315. Minimum tonnage
(a)
(b)
(c)
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 55315 | 46 App.:1241g. | June 29, 1936, ch. 858, title IX, §901c, as added |
In subsection (b), the words "For fiscal year 1986 and" are omitted as obsolete.
Editorial Notes
Amendments
2012—Subsec. (b).
[§§55316, 55317. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–67, div. A, title VI, §602(a), Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1188 ]
Section 55316,
Section 55317,
§55318. Effect on other law
This subchapter does not affect
(
| Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
|---|---|---|
| 55318 | 46 App.:1241p. |
The words "