49 USC SUBTITLE VII, PART C: FINANCING

From Title 49—TRANSPORTATIONSUBTITLE VII—AVIATION PROGRAMS

PART C—FINANCING

CHAPTER 481—AIRPORT AND AIRWAY TRUST FUND AUTHORIZATIONS

Sec.

48101.

Air navigation facilities and equipment.

48102.

Research and development.

48103.

Airport planning and development and noise compatibility planning and programs.

48104.

Operations and maintenance.

48105.

Weather reporting services.

48106.

Airway science curriculum grants.

48107.

Civil aviation security research and development.

48108.

Availability and uses of amounts.

48109.

Submission of budget information and legislative recommendations and comments.

48110.

Facilities for advanced training of maintenance technicians for air carrier aircraft.

48111.

Funding proposals.

[48112.

Repealed.]

48113.

Reprogramming notification requirement.

48114.

Funding for aviation programs.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title I, §115, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3201, struck out item 48112 "Adjustment to AIP program funding".

2003—Pub. L. 108–176, title I, §104(b), Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2497, added item 48114.

2000—Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §§107(b), 108(b), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 73, 74, added items 48112 and 48113.

1996—Pub. L. 104–264, title I, §§102(b)(2), 103(d)(2), title II, §275(b), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3216, 3217, 3247, inserted "and equipment" after "facilities" in item 48101, substituted "Operations and maintenance" for "Certain direct costs and joint air navigation services" in item 48104, and added item 48111.

§48101. Air navigation facilities and equipment

(a) General Authorization of Appropriations.—Not more than a total of the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) to acquire, establish, and improve air navigation facilities under section 44502(a)(1)(A) of this title:

(1) $3,191,250,000 for fiscal year 2024.

(2) $3,575,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.

(3) $3,625,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.

(4) $3,675,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

(5) $3,725,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.

(b) Availability of Amounts.—Amounts appropriated under this section remain available until expended.

(c) Authorized Expenditures.—Of the amounts appropriated under subsection (a), such sums as may be necessary may be used for the following:

(1) The implementation and use of upgrades to the current automated surface observation system/automated weather observing system, if the upgrade is successfully demonstrated.

(2) The acquisition and construction of remote towers (as defined in section 161 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018).

(3) The remediation and elimination of identified cybersecurity vulnerabilities in the air traffic control system.

(4) The construction of facilities dedicated to improving the cybersecurity of the National Airspace System.

(5) Systems associated with the Data Communications program.

(6) The infrastructure, sustainment, and the elimination of the deferred maintenance backlog of air navigation facilities and other facilities for which the Federal Aviation Administration is responsible.

(7) The modernization and digitization of the Civil Aviation Registry.

(8) The construction of necessary Priority 1 National Airspace System facilities.

(9) Cost-beneficial construction, rehabilitation, or retrofitting programs designed to reduce Federal Aviation Administration facility operating costs.

(d) Life-Cycle Cost Estimates.—The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish life-cycle cost estimates for any air traffic control modernization project the total life-cycle costs of which equal or exceed $50,000,000.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1294; Pub. L. 103–305, title I, §102(a), Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1571; Pub. L. 104–264, title I, §102(a), (b)(1), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3216; Pub. L. 106–6, §3, Mar. 31, 1999, 113 Stat. 10; Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §102, Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 65; Pub. L. 108–176, title I, §102, Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2494; Pub. L. 110–330, §7, Sept. 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 3719; Pub. L. 111–12, §7, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1458; Pub. L. 111–69, §7, Oct. 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 2056; Pub. L. 111–116, §7, Dec. 16, 2009, 123 Stat. 3033; Pub. L. 111–153, §7, Mar. 31, 2010, 124 Stat. 1086; Pub. L. 111–161, §7, Apr. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 111–197, §7, July 2, 2010, 124 Stat. 1354; Pub. L. 111–216, title I, §106, Aug. 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 2350; Pub. L. 112–30, title II, §207, Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 359; Pub. L. 112–91, §7, Jan. 31, 2012, 126 Stat. 4; Pub. L. 112–95, title I, §102, Feb. 14, 2012, 126 Stat. 16; Pub. L. 114–55, title I, §104, Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 114–141, title I, §104, Mar. 30, 2016, 130 Stat. 323; Pub. L. 114–190, title I, §1104, July 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 618; Pub. L. 115–63, title I, §105, Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1170; Pub. L. 115–141, div. M, title I, §105, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1047; Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title I, §112, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3200; Pub. L. 118–15, div. B, title II, §2204, Sept. 30, 2023, 137 Stat. 84; Pub. L. 118–34, title I, §104, Dec. 26, 2023, 137 Stat. 1114; Pub. L. 118–41, title I, §104, Mar. 8, 2024, 138 Stat. 23; Pub. L. 118–63, title I, §102, May 16, 2024, 138 Stat. 1034.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48101(a)	49 App.:2202(a)(24).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §503(a)(24), 96 Stat. 674; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §103(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1488.
	49 App.:2205(a)(1) (1st sentence).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(a)(1), 96 Stat. 677; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(a)(2), 101 Stat. 1490; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §9105(b), 104 Stat. 1388–355; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §103(a), 106 Stat. 4877.
48101(b)	49 App.:2202(a)(24).
	49 App.:2205(a)(2) (1st sentence).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(a)(2), 96 Stat. 677; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(a)(2), 101 Stat. 1490; restated Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §103(b), 106 Stat. 4877.
48101(c)	49 App.:2205(a)(1) (last sentence), (2) (last sentence).

In subsection (a), the words "to the Secretary of Transportation" are added for clarity and consistency in this chapter. The words "for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1990" and "$2,500,000,000 for fiscal year 1991" are omitted as obsolete.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 161 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 161 of Pub. L. 115–254, which is set out as a note under section 47104 of this title.

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–63 added pars. (1) to (5) and struck out former pars. (1) to (7) which read as follows:

"(1) $3,330,000,000 for fiscal year 2018.

"(2) $3,398,000,000 for fiscal year 2019.

"(3) $3,469,000,000 for fiscal year 2020.

"(4) $3,547,000,000 for fiscal year 2021.

"(5) $3,624,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.

"(6) $3,701,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.

"(7) $1,794,357,923 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on May 10, 2024."

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (7) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: "$1,287,431,694 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024."

2023—Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (7) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: "$740,273,224 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023."

Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (7).

2018—Subsec. (a)(1) to (4). Pub. L. 115–254, §112(a), added pars. (1) to (4) and struck out former pars. (1) to (4) which read as follows:

"(1) $2,731,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.

"(2) $2,715,000,000 for fiscal year 2013.

"(3) $2,730,000,000 for fiscal year 2014.

"(4) $2,730,000,000 for fiscal year 2015."

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 115–254, §112(a), added par. (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "$2,855,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2018."

Pub. L. 115–141, §105(1), substituted "2016 through 2018" for "2016 and 2017".

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 115–254, §112(a), added par. (6).

Pub. L. 115–141, §105(2), struck out par. (6) which read as follows: "$1,423,589,041 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017, and ending on March 31, 2018."

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–254, §112(b)(2), substituted "may be used for the following:" and pars. (1) to (9) for "may be necessary may be used for the implementation and use of upgrades to the current automated surface observation system/automated weather observing system, if the upgrade is successfully demonstrated."

Pub. L. 115–254, §112(b)(1), substituted "Authorized Expenditures" for "Automated Surface Observation System/Automated Weather Observing System Upgrade" in heading.

2017—Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 115–63 added par. (6).

2016—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 114–190 amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "$2,058,333,333 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016."

Pub. L. 114–141 amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "$1,300,000,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016."

2015—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 114–55 added par. (5).

2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–95, §102(a), added pars. (1) to (4) and struck out former pars. (1) to (8) which authorized appropriations for fiscal years 2004 through 2011, and for the period beginning Oct. 1, 2011, and ending Feb. 17, 2012.

Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 112–91 amended par. (8) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (8) read as follows: "$917,704,544 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on January 31, 2012."

Subsecs. (c) to (i). Pub. L. 112–95, §102(b), redesignated subsecs. (f) and (g) as (c) and (d), respectively, and struck out former subsecs. (c), (d), (e), (h), and (i), which related, respectively, to enhanced safety and security for aircraft operations in the Gulf of Mexico, operational benefits of wake vortex advisory system, ground-based precision navigational aids, standby power efficiency program, and pilot program to provide incentives for development of new technologies.

2011—Subsec. (a)(7), (8). Pub. L. 112–30 added pars. (7) and (8).

2010—Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 111–216 amended par. (6) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (6) read as follows: "$2,453,539,493 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on August 1, 2010."

Pub. L. 111–197 amended par. (6) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (6) read as follows: "$2,220,252,132 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on July 3, 2010."

Pub. L. 111–161 amended par. (6) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (6) read as follows: "$1,712,785,083 for the 7-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Pub. L. 111–153 amended par. (6) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (6) read as follows: "$1,466,888,500 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

2009—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 111–12 substituted "$2,742,095,000 for fiscal year 2009" for "$1,360,188,750 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2008".

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 111–116 amended par. (6) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (6) read as follows: "$733,444,250 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Pub. L. 111–69 added par. (6).

2008—Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 110–330 added par. (5).

2003—Subsec. (a)(1) to (5). Pub. L. 108–176, §102(1), added pars. (1) to (4) and struck out formers par. (1) to (5) which read as follows:

"(1) $2,131,000,000 for fiscal year 1999.

"(2) $2,689,000,000 for fiscal year 2000.

"(3) $2,656,765,000 for fiscal year 2001.

"(4) $2,914,000,000 for fiscal year 2002.

"(5) $2,981,022,000 for fiscal year 2003."

Subsecs. (b) to (e). Pub. L. 108–176, §102(2), (3), added subsecs. (c) to (e), redesignated former subsec. (c) as (b), and struck out former subsecs. (b), (d) and (e), which related, respectively, to major airway capital investment plan changes, universal access systems, and the Alaska National Air Space Interfacility Communications System.

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 108–176, §102(4), struck out "for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 2000" after "appropriated under subsection (a)" and inserted "may be used" after "may be necessary".

Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 108–176, §102(5), added subsecs. (h) and (i).

2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–181, §102(a), added pars. (1) to (5) and struck out former pars. (1) to (3) which read as follows:

"(1) $2,068,000,000 for fiscal year 1997.

"(2) $2,129,000,000 for fiscal year 1998.

"(3) $2,131,000,000 for fiscal year 1999."

Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–181, §102(b), added subsec. (d).

Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 106–181, §102(c), added subsec. (e).

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 106–181, §102(d), added subsec. (f).

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 106–181, §102(e), added subsec. (g).

1999—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 106–6 added par. (3).

1996—Pub. L. 104–264, §102(b)(1), inserted "and equipment" after "facilities" in section catchline.

Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–264, §102(a), added pars. (1) and (2) and struck out former pars. (1) to (4) which read as follows:

"(1) For the fiscal years ending September 30, 1991–1993, $8,200,000,000.

"(2) For the fiscal years ending September 30, 1991–1994, $10,724,000,000.

"(3) For the fiscal years ending September 30, 1991–1995, $13,394,000,000.

"(4) For the fiscal years ending September 30, 1991–1996, $16,129,000,000."

1994—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–305, §102(a)(1), substituted "For" for "for".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103–305, §102(a)(2), substituted "For" for "for" and "$10,724,000,000" for "$11,100,000,000".

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 103–305, §102(a)(3), substituted "For" for "for" and "$13,394,000,000" for "$14,000,000,000".

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 103–305, §102(a)(4), added par. (4).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 108–176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–181 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Except as otherwise specifically provided, amendment by Pub. L. 104–264 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1996, and not to be construed as affecting funds made available for a fiscal year ending before Oct. 1, 1996, see section 3 of Pub. L. 104–264, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Facilities and Equipment Reports

Pub. L. 108–176, title I, §184, Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2517, directed the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to report to the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the House of Representatives Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure every 6 months on the 10 largest programs funded under this section until Dec. 12, 2007.

Funding for Aviation Programs

Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §106(a)–(c), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 72, 73, which related to budget resources made available from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund through fiscal year 2003, was repealed by Pub. L. 108–176, title I, §104(c), Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2497.

§48102. Research and development

(a) Authorization of Appropriations.—Not more than the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504, 44505, 44507, 44509, and 44511–44513 of this title:

(1) for fiscal year 2004, $346,317,000, including—

(A) $65,000,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B) $24,000,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(D) $30,000,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E) $7,000,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperative Research Program;

(G) $1,500,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H) $42,800,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I) $30,300,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J) $90,800,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K) $9,667,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(L) $7,750,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(2) for fiscal year 2005, $356,192,000, including—

(A) $65,705,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B) $24,260,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(D) $30,109,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E) $7,076,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperative Research Program;

(G) $1,650,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H) $43,300,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I) $31,100,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J) $95,400,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K) $2,200,000 for Free Flight Phase 2;

(L) $9,764,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(M) $7,828,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(3) for fiscal year 2006, $352,157,000, including—

(A) $66,447,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B) $24,534,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(D) $30,223,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E) $7,156,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperation Research Program;

(G) $1,815,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H) $42,200,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I) $23,900,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J) $100,000,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K) $9,862,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(L) $7,906,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(4) for fiscal year 2007, $356,261,000, including—

(A) $67,244,000 for Improving Aviation Safety;

(B) $24,828,000 for Weather Safety Research;

(D) $30,586,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions;

(E) $7,242,000 for Research Mission Support;

(F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperation Research Program;

(G) $1,837,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section;

(H) $42,706,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping;

(I) $24,187,000 for Safe Flight 21;

(J) $101,200,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development;

(K) $9,980,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and

(L) $8,000,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency;

(5) $171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;

(6) $190,500,000 for fiscal year 2010;

(7) $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2011;

(8) $168,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015;

(9) $166,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017;

(10) $189,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;

(11) $194,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;

(12) $199,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;

(13) $204,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;

(14) $209,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;

(15) $214,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;

(16) $280,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;

(17) $311,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;

(18) $323,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;

(19) $334,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and

(20) $345,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.

(b) Research Priorities.—(1) The Administrator shall prioritize safety in considering the advice and recommendations of the research advisory committee established by section 44508 of this title in establishing priorities among major categories of research and development activities carried out by the Federal Aviation Administration.

(2) As safety related activities shall be the highest research priority, at least 70 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be for safety research and development projects.

(3) At least 15 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be for long-term research projects.

(c) Transfers Between Categories.—(1) Not more than 10 percent of the net amount authorized for a category of projects and activities in a fiscal year under subsection (a) of this section may be transferred to or from that category in that fiscal year.

(2) The Secretary may transfer more than 10 percent of an authorized amount to or from a category only after—

(A) submitting a written explanation of the proposed transfer to the Committees on Science and Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and Appropriations of the Senate; and

(B) 30 days have passed after the explanation is submitted or each Committee notifies the Secretary in writing that it does not object to the proposed transfer.

(d) Airport Capacity Research and Development.—(1) Of the amounts made available under subsection (a) of this section, at least $25,000,000 may be appropriated each fiscal year for research and development under section 44505(a) and (c) of this title on preserving and enhancing airport capacity, including research and development on improvements to airport design standards, maintenance, safety, operations, and environmental concerns.

(2) The Administrator shall submit to the Committees on Science and Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on expenditures made under paragraph (1) of this subsection for each fiscal year. The report shall be submitted not later than 60 days after the end of the fiscal year.

(e) Air Traffic Controller Performance Research.—Necessary amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary out of amounts in the Fund available for research and development to conduct research under section 44506(a) and (b) of this title.

(f) Availability of Amounts.—Amounts appropriated under subsection (a) of this section remain available until expended.

(g) Annual Submission of the National Aviation Research Plan.—The Administrator shall submit the national aviation research plan to Congress no later than the date that is 30 days after the date of submission of the President's budget request to Congress for that fiscal year, as required under section 44501(c).

(h) Research Grants Program Involving Undergraduate Students.—

(1) Establishment.—The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish a program to utilize undergraduate and technical colleges, including Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Hispanic Serving Institutions, in research on subjects of relevance to the Federal Aviation Administration. Grants may be awarded under this subsection for—

(A) research projects to be carried out at primarily undergraduate institutions and technical colleges;

(B) research projects that combine research at primarily undergraduate institutions and technical colleges with other research supported by the Federal Aviation Administration;

(C) research on future training requirements on projected changes in regulatory requirements for aircraft maintenance and power plant licensees; or

(D) research on the impact of new technologies and procedures, particularly those related to aircraft flight deck and air traffic management functions, on training requirements for pilots and air traffic controllers.

(2) Notice of criteria.—Within 6 months after the date of the enactment of the FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish and publish in the Federal Register criteria for the submittal of proposals for a grant under this subsection, and for the awarding of such grants.

(3) Principal criteria.—The principal criteria for the awarding of grants under this subsection shall be—

(A) the relevance of the proposed research to technical research needs identified by the Federal Aviation Administration;

(B) the scientific and technical merit of the proposed research; and

(4) Competitive, merit-based evaluation.—Grants shall be awarded under this subsection on the basis of evaluation of proposals through a competitive, merit-based process.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1294; Pub. L. 103–305, title III, §302, Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1589; Pub. L. 104–264, title XI, §§1102, 1103, Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3278; Pub. L. 104–287, §5(9), (74), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3389, 3396; Pub. L. 105–155, §§2, 3, Feb. 11, 1998, 112 Stat. 5; Pub. L. 106–181, title IX, §901, Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 194; Pub. L. 108–176, title VII, §§701, 707, Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2574, 2582; Pub. L. 110–330, §8, Sept. 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 3719; Pub. L. 111–12, §8, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1459; Pub. L. 111–69, §8, Oct. 1, 2009, 123 Stat. 2056; Pub. L. 111–116, §8, Dec. 16, 2009, 123 Stat. 3033; Pub. L. 111–153, §8, Mar. 31, 2010, 124 Stat. 1086; Pub. L. 111–161, §8, Apr. 30, 2010, 124 Stat. 1128; Pub. L. 111–197, §8, July 2, 2010, 124 Stat. 1355; Pub. L. 111–216, title I, §107, Aug. 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 2350; Pub. L. 112–30, title II, §208, Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 359; Pub. L. 112–91, §8, Jan. 31, 2012, 126 Stat. 4; Pub. L. 112–95, title IX, §901(a), (b), Feb. 14, 2012, 126 Stat. 137; Pub. L. 114–55, title I, §105, Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 114–141, title I, §105, Mar. 30, 2016, 130 Stat. 324; Pub. L. 114–190, title I, §1105, July 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 618; Pub. L. 115–63, title I, §106, Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1170; Pub. L. 115–141, div. M, title I, §106, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1047; Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title VII, §703, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3409; Pub. L. 118–15, div. B, title II, §2205, Sept. 30, 2023, 137 Stat. 84; Pub. L. 118–34, title I, §105, Dec. 26, 2023, 137 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 118–41, title I, §105, Mar. 8, 2024, 138 Stat. 23; Pub. L. 118–63, title X, §§1002, 1004(b), May 16, 2024, 138 Stat. 1386.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48102(a)	49 App.:2202(a)(24).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §503(a)(24), 96 Stat. 674; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §103(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1488.
	49 App.:2205(b)(2) (1st sentence).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(b)(2), 96 Stat. 678; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(b)(1), 101 Stat. 1490; Nov. 3, 1988, Pub. L. 100–591, §7, 102 Stat. 3014; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §9202, 104 Stat. 1388–372; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §302, 106 Stat. 4895.
48102(b)	49 App.:2205(b)(2) (last sentence).
48102(c)	49 App.:2205(b)(3).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(b)(3), (5), 96 Stat. 678; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(b)(1), 101 Stat. 1491.
48102(d)	49 App.:2205(b)(4).	Sept. 30, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(b)(4), 96 Stat. 678; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(b)(1), 101 Stat. 1491; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §9203, 104 Stat. 1388–373.
48102(e)	49 App.:1353 (note).	Nov. 3, 1988, Pub. L. 100–591, §8(d), 102 Stat. 3016; Nov. 17, 1988, Pub. L. 100–685, §604, 102 Stat. 4103.
48102(f)	49 App.:2205(b)(5).

In subsections (a) and (b), as to applicability of section 305(b) of the Airport and Airway Safety, Capacity, Noise Improvement, and Intermodal Transportation Act of 1992 (Pub. L. 102–581, 106 Stat. 4896), see section 6(b) of the bill.

In subsection (a)(1), the word "solely" is omitted as surplus. Before clause (1), the words "to the Secretary of Transportation" are added for clarity and consistency in this chapter.

In subsection (d)(1), the words "Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection" and "in each of fiscal years 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (d)(2), the reference to fiscal years 1988–1992 and the words "by the Administrator for research and development" are omitted as surplus.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The date of the enactment of the FAA Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1998, referred to in subsec. (h)(2), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 105–155, which was approved Feb. 11, 1998.

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–63, §1002, added pars. (16) to (20) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: "$155,368,852 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on May 10, 2024."

Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (16) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: "$111,475,410 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024."

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 118–63, §1004(b), substituted "the date that is 30 days after the date of submission" for "the date of submission".

2023—Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (16) and struck out former par. (16) which read as follows: "$64,098,360 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023."

Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (16).

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254, §703(a)(1), struck out "and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)" after "this title" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–254, §703(a)(2), (3), added par. (10) and struck out former par. (10) which read as follows: "$176,500,000 for fiscal year 2018."

Pub. L. 115–141 amended par. (10) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (10) read as follows: "$88,008,219 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017 and ending on March 31, 2018."

Subsec. (a)(11) to (15). Pub. L. 115–254, §703(a)(2), (3), added pars. (11) to (15).

Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–254, §703(b)(1), substituted "prioritize safety in considering" for "consider".

Subsec. (b)(2), (3). Pub. L. 115–254, §703(b)(2)–(4), added par. (2), redesignated former par. (2) as (3), and struck out former par. (3) which read as follows: "At least 3 percent of the amount appropriated under subsection (a) of this section shall be available to the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to make grants under section 44511 of this title."

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 115–254, §703(c), amended subsec. (g) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (g) authorized certain programs described in the research, engineering, and development account of the national aviation research plan required under section 44501(c).

2017—Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 115–63 added par. (10).

2016—Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–190 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: "$124,093,750 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016."

Pub. L. 114–141 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: "$78,375,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016."

2015—Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 114–55 added par. (9).

2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–95, §901(a)(1), substituted "of this title and, for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015, under subsection (g)" for "of this title" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(1) to (15). Pub. L. 112–95, §901(a)(2)–(5), redesignated pars. (9) to (15) as (1) to (7), respectively, inserted "and" at end of par. (3)(K), struck out "and" at end of par. (3)(L), added par. (8), and struck out former pars. (1) to (8) which related to appropriations for fiscal years 1995 to 2002.

Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 112–95, §901(a)(5), struck out par. (16) which read as follows: "$64,092,459 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on February 17, 2012."

Pub. L. 112–91 amended par. (16) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (16) read as follows: "$57,016,885 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on January 31, 2012."

Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 112–95, §901(b), added subsec. (g).

2011—Subsec. (a)(15), (16). Pub. L. 112–30 added pars. (15) and (16).

2010—Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 111–216 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: "$159,184,932 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on August 1, 2010."

Pub. L. 111–197 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: "$144,049,315 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on July 3, 2010."

Pub. L. 111–161 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: "$111,125,000 for the 7-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Pub. L. 111–153 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: "$92,500,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

2009—Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 111–12 substituted "$171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009" for "$85,507,500 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2008".

Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 111–116 amended par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (14) read as follows: "$46,250,000 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Pub. L. 111–69 added par. (14).

2008—Subsec. (a)(11) to (13). Pub. L. 110–330 struck out "and" at end of subpar. (K) of par. (11), substituted "; and" for period at end of subpar. (L) of par. (12), and added par. (13).

2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–176, §701(1), substituted "for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504" for "to carry out sections 44504" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (a)(9) to (12). Pub. L. 108–176, §701(2)–(4), added pars. (9) to (12).

Subsec. (h)(1)(D). Pub. L. 108–176, §707, added subpar. (D).

2000—Subsec. (a)(6) to (8). Pub. L. 106–181 added pars. (6) to (8).

1998—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 105–155, §2, added par. (4).

Subsec. (a)(4)(J). Pub. L. 105–155, §3(b), inserted ", of which $750,000 shall be for carrying out the grant program established under subsection (h)" after "projects and activities".

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 105–155, §2, added par. (5).

Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 105–155, §3(a), added subsec. (h).

1996—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 104–264, §1102, added par. (3).

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–264, §1103, substituted "Research Priorities" for "Availability for Research" in heading, added par. (1), and redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as (2) and (3), respectively.

Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104–287, §5(74), substituted "Committees on Science" for "Committees on Science, Space, and Technology".

Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 104–287, §5(74), substituted "Committees on Science" for "Committees on Science, Space, and Technology".

Pub. L. 104–287, §5(9), substituted "Transportation and Infrastructure" for "Public Works and Transportation".

1994—Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 103–305 inserted pars. (1) and (2) and struck out former pars. (1) and (2) which read as follows:

"(1) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993—

"(A) $14,700,000 only for management and analysis projects and activities.

"(B) $87,000,000 only for capacity and air traffic management technology projects and activities.

"(C) $28,000,000 only for communications, navigation, and surveillance projects and activities.

"(D) $7,700,000 only for weather projects and activities.

"(E) $6,800,000 only for airport technology projects and activities.

"(F) $44,000,000 only for aircraft safety technology projects and activities.

"(G) $41,100,000 only for system security technology projects and activities.

"(H) $31,000,000 only for human factors and aviation medicine projects and activities.

"(I) $4,500,000 for environment and energy projects and activities.

"(J) $5,200,000 for innovative and cooperative research projects and activities.

"(2) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1994, $297,000,000."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Change of Name

Committee on Science of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Science and Technology of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007. Committee on Science and Technology of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Jan. 5, 2011.

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–181 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Notices

Pub. L. 105–155, §4, Feb. 11, 1998, 112 Stat. 6, provided that:

"(a) Reprogramming.—If any funds authorized by the amendments made by this Act [amending this section] are subject to a reprogramming action that requires notice to be provided to the Appropriations Committees of the House of Representatives and the Senate, notice of such action shall concurrently be provided to the Committees on Science [now Science, Space, and Technology] and Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate.

"(b) Notice of Reorganization.—The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall provide notice to the Committees on Science [now Science, Space, and Technology], Transportation and Infrastructure, and Appropriations of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and Appropriations of the Senate, not later than 30 days before any major reorganization (as determined by the Administrator) of any program of the Federal Aviation Administration for which funds are authorized by this Act."

§48103. Airport planning and development and noise compatibility planning and programs

(a) In General.—There shall be available to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to make grants for airport planning and airport development under section 47104, airport noise compatibility planning under section 47505(a)(2), and carrying out noise compatibility programs under section 47504(c)—

(1) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;

(2) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;

(3) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;

(4) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;

(5) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;

(6) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;

(7) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;

(8) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;

(9) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;

(10) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and

(11) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.

(b) Availability of Amounts.—Amounts made available under subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48103	49 App.:2202(a)(24).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §503(a)(24), 96 Stat. 674; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §103(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1488.
	49 App.:2204(a) (2d sentence).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §505(a) (2d sentence), 96 Stat. 676; Jan. 6, 1983, Pub. L. 97–424, §426(b)(1)–(5), 96 Stat. 2167; restated Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(e), 101 Stat. 1493; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §9104(1), 104 Stat. 1388–355; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §102(a), 106 Stat. 4876.

In this section, references to the aggregate amounts for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1987–1992, are omitted as obsolete. The words "of which $475,000,000 shall be credited to the supplementary discretionary fund established by section 2206(a)(3)(B)" are omitted as executed. In restating section 505(a) (2d sentence) of the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 (Public Law 97–248, 96 Stat. 676), the cross-reference to the discretionary fund was retained but is incorrect because of the restatement of section 507 of the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 (Public Law 97–248, 96 Stat. 679) by section 426(a) of the Highway Improvement Act of 1982 (Public Law 97–424, 96 Stat. 2167). See section 47115 of the revised title.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 9502 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Amendments

2024—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118–63 added pars. (7) to (11) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: "$2,041,120,218 for the period beginning October 1, 2023, and ending on May 10, 2024."

Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (7) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: "$1,464,480,874 for the period beginning October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024."

2023—Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (7) and struck out former par. (7) which read as follows: "$842,076,502 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023."

Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (7).

2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–254 substituted "section 47504(c)—" and pars. (1) to (6) for "section 47504(c) $3,350,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2018."

Pub. L. 115–141 substituted "2012 through 2018." for "2012 through 2017 and $1,670,410,959 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017, and ending on March 31, 2018."

2017—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–63 inserted before period at end "and $1,670,410,959 for the period beginning on October 1, 2017, and ending on March 31, 2018".

2016—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–190 substituted "fiscal years 2012 through 2017." for "fiscal years 2012 through 2015 and $2,652,083,333 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016.."

Pub. L. 114–141 substituted "$2,652,083,333 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on July 15, 2016." for "$1,675,000,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016".

2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–55 inserted "and $1,675,000,000 for the period beginning on October 1, 2015, and ending on March 31, 2016" before period at end.

2012—Pub. L. 112–95 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section listed amounts available out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for fiscal years 2004 through 2011 and for the period beginning on Oct. 1, 2011, and ending on Feb. 17, 2012.

Par. (9). Pub. L. 112–91 amended par. (9) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows: "$1,181,270,492 for the period beginning on October 1, 2011, and ending on January 31, 2012."

2011—Par. (8). Pub. L. 112–30 added par. (8) and struck out former par. (8) which read as follows: "$3,380,178,082 for the period beginning on October 1, 2010, and ending on September 16, 2011."

Pub. L. 112–27 added par. (8) and struck out former par. (8) which read as follows: "$2,840,890,411 for the period beginning on October 1, 2010, and ending on July 22, 2011."

Pub. L. 112–21 added par. (8) and struck out former par. (8) which read as follows: "$2,636,250,000 for the 9-month period beginning on October 1, 2010."

Pub. L. 112–16 added par. (8) and struck out former par. (8) which read as follows: "$2,466,666,667 for the 8-month period beginning on October 1, 2010."

Par. (8). Pub. L. 112–7 added par. (8) and struck out two former pars. (8) which read as follows:

"(8) $925,000,000 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2010.

"(8) $1,850,000,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2010."

Par. (9). Pub. L. 112–30, §204(a)(1)(B), added par. (9).

2010—Par. (6). Pub. L. 111–329, §4(a)(1)(A), which directed striking out "and" at the end, could not be executed because the word "and" did not appear subsequent to amendment by Pub. L. 111–249.

Pub. L. 111–249, §4(a)(1)(A), struck out "and" at the end.

Par. (7). Pub. L. 111–329, §4(a)(1)(B), which directed substitution of "; and" for the period at the end, could not be executed because no period appeared subsequent to amendment by Pub. L. 111–249.

Pub. L. 111–249, §4(a)(1)(B), substituted "; and" for the period at the end.

Pub. L. 111–197 amended par. (7) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (7) read as follows: "$3,024,657,534 for the period beginning on October 1, 2009, and ending on July 3, 2010."

Pub. L. 111–161 amended par. (7) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (7) read as follows: "$2,333,333,333 for the 7-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Pub. L. 111–153 amended par. (7) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (7) read as follows: "$2,000,000,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Par. (8). Pub. L. 111–329, §4(a)(1)(C), added par. (8) relating to the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2010.

Pub. L. 111–249, §4(a)(1)(C), added par. (8) relating to the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2010.

2009—Par. (6). Pub. L. 111–12 substituted "$3,900,000,000 for fiscal year 2009" for "$1,950,000,000 for the 6-month period beginning on October 1, 2008".

Par. (7). Pub. L. 111–116 amended par. (7) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (7) read as follows: "$1,000,000,000 for the 3-month period beginning on October 1, 2009."

Par. (7). Pub. L. 111–69 added par. (7).

2008—Par. (5). Pub. L. 110–253 amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "$2,756,250,000 for the 9-month period beginning October 1, 2007."

Pub. L. 110–190 added par. (5).

Par. (6). Pub. L. 110–330 added par. (6).

2003—Pub. L. 108–176, §101(a)(1), substituted "September 30, 2003" for "September 30, 1998" in introductory provisions.

Pars. (1) to (5). Pub. L. 108–176, §101(a)(2), added pars. (1) to (4) and struck out former pars. (1) to (5) which read as follows:

"(1) $2,410,000,000 for fiscal year 1999;

"(2) $2,475,000,000 for fiscal year 2000;

"(3) $3,200,000,000 for fiscal year 2001;

"(4) $3,300,000,000 for fiscal year 2002; and

"(5) $3,400,000,000 for fiscal year 2003."

2000—Pub. L. 106–181 substituted "shall be—" along with pars. (1) to (5) and concluding provisions for "shall be $2,410,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999."

1999—Pub. L. 106–59 substituted "$2,410,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999." for "$2,050,000,000 for the period beginning October 1, 1998 and ending August 6, 1999."

Pub. L. 106–31 substituted "$2,050,000,000 for the period beginning October 1, 1998 and ending August 6, 1999." for "$1,607,000,000 for the 8-month period beginning October 1, 1998.".

Pub. L. 106–6 substituted "$1,607,000,000 for the 8-month period beginning October 1, 1998." for "$1,205,000,000 for the six-month period beginning October 1, 1998".

1998—Pub. L. 105–277 substituted "September 30, 1998" for "September 30, 1996" and "$1,205,000,000 for the six-month period beginning October 1, 1998" for "$2,280,000,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1997, and $4,627,000,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1998."

1996—Pub. L. 104–264 substituted "September 30, 1996" for "September 30, 1981" and "$2,280,000,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1997, and $4,627,000,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1998." for "$17,583,500,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1994, $19,744,500,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1995, and $21,958,500,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1996."

1994—Pub. L. 103–305 substituted "The total amounts which shall be available after September 30, 1981, to the Secretary of Transportation" for "Not more than a total of $15,966,700,000 is available to the Secretary of Transportation for the fiscal years ending September 30, 1982–1993," and inserted before period at end "shall be $17,583,500,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1994, $19,744,500,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1995, and $21,958,500,000 for fiscal years ending before October 1, 1996".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2008 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 110–253 effective July 1, 2008, see section 4(c) of Pub. L. 110–253, set out as a note under section 47104 of this title.

Effective Date of 2003 Amendment

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–181 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

Notice of Grants

Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §159, Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 90, provided that:

"(a) Timely Announcement.—The Secretary [of Transportation] shall announce a grant to be made with funds made available under section 48103 of title 49, United States Code, in a timely fashion after receiving necessary documentation concerning the grant from the Administrator [of the Federal Aviation Administration].

"(b) Notice to Committees.—If the Secretary provides any committee of Congress advance notice of a grant to be made with funds made available under section 48103 of title 49, United States Code, the Secretary shall provide, on the same date, such notice to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate."

§48104. Operations and maintenance

The balance of the money available in the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Fund for—

(1) direct costs the Secretary incurs to flight check, operate, and maintain air navigation facilities referred to in section 44502(a)(1)(A) of this title safely and efficiently; and

(2) the costs of services provided under international agreements related to the joint financing of air navigation services assessed against the United States Government.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1296; Pub. L. 103–305, title I, §102(b), Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1571; Pub. L. 104–264, title I, §103(b), (d)(1), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3216; Pub. L. 104–287, §5(87), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3398; Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §106(d), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 73; Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title V, §539(r), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3371.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Pub. L. 103–272
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48104(a)	49 App.:2202(a)(24).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §503(a)(24), 96 Stat. 674; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §103(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1488.
	49 App.:2205(c)(1).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(c)(1), 96 Stat. 678; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(g)(2)(A), (C), 101 Stat. 1494.
48104(b)	49 App.:2205(c)(2).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(c)(2), 96 Stat. 678; Jan. 6, 1983, Pub. L. 97–424, §426(c), 96 Stat. 2168; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(g)(2)(B), (C), 101 Stat. 1494.
	49 App.:2205(c)(3).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, 96 Stat. 324, §506(c)(3); added Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1492; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §9107(a), 104 Stat. 1388–355.
	49 App.:2205(c)(4).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, 96 Stat. 324, §506(c)(4); added Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §9107(b), 104 Stat. 1388–355; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §103(c)(1), 106 Stat. 4877.

In subsection (a), before clause (1), the words "Except as provided in this section" are added for clarity. The words "to the Secretary of Transportation" are added for clarity and consistency in this chapter.

In subsection (b), the text of 49 App.:2205(c)(2) and (3) and the reference to fiscal years 1991 and 1992 in 49 App:2205(c)(4) are omitted as obsolete.

Pub. L. 104–287

This makes a clarifying amendment to the catchline for 49:48104(b).

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Pub. L. 115–254, which directed substitution of "The" for "(a) Authorization of Appropriations.—the" in section 48104, without specifying the Code title to be amended, was executed by making the substitution in this section, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.

2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–181, §106(d)(1), struck out "Except as provided in this section," before "the balance of the money" in introductory provisions.

Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 106–181, §106(d)(2), struck out heading and text of subsecs. (b) and (c), which set out funding limitations for fiscal year 1993 and fiscal years 1994 to 1998, respectively.

1996—Pub. L. 104–264, §103(d)(1), substituted "Operations and maintenance" for "Certain direct costs and joint air navigation services" in section catchline.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–287 substituted "Year" for "Years" in heading.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–264, §103(b)(1), (2), substituted "1998" for "1996" in heading and "1994 through 1998" for "1994, 1995, and 1996" in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104–264, §103(b)(3), substituted "72.5 percent" for "70 percent".

1994—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–305, §102(b)(1), (2), inserted "for Fiscal Years 1993" in heading and substituted "fiscal year 1993" for "each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1993–1995," in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–305, §102(b)(3), added subsec. (c).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2000 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 106–181 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as a note under section 106 of this title.

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

§48105. Weather reporting services

To sustain the aviation weather reporting programs of the Federal Aviation Administration, the Secretary of Transportation may expend from amounts available under section 48104 of this title not more than the following amounts:

(1) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993, $35,596,000.

(2) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1994, $37,800,000.

(3) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1995, $39,000,000.

(4) $39,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

(5) $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1296; Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title I, §114, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3201; Pub. L. 118–15, div. B, title II, §2202(j), Sept. 30, 2023, 137 Stat. 83; Pub. L. 118–34, title I, §102(j), Dec. 26, 2023, 137 Stat. 1113; Pub. L. 118–41, title I, §102(j), Mar. 8, 2024, 138 Stat. 22; Pub. L. 118–63, title I, §104(c), May 16, 2024, 138 Stat. 1035.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48105	49 App.:2205(d).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(d), 96 Stat. 678; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(c)(2), 101 Stat. 1493; Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–508, §§9108, 9204, 104 Stat. 1388–355, 1388-373; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §103(d), 106 Stat. 4877.

The words "for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 1982" are omitted as obsolete. The words "Secretary of Commerce" are substituted for "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration" because of 15:1501. The words "The Federal Aviation Administration with" are omitted as surplus.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2024—Par. (5). Pub. L. 118–63 added par. (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "$23,762,295 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on May 10, 2024."

Pub. L. 118–41 added par. (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "$17,049,180 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on March 8, 2024."

2023—Par. (5). Pub. L. 118–34 added par. (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: "$9,803,278 for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2023."

Pub. L. 118–15 added par. (5).

2018—Pub. L. 115–254, §114(1), substituted "To sustain the aviation weather reporting programs of the Federal Aviation Administration, the Secretary of Transportation" for "To reimburse the Secretary of Commerce for the cost incurred by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of providing weather reporting services to the Federal Aviation Administration, the Secretary of Transportation" in introductory provisions.

Par. (4). Pub. L. 115–254, §114(2), added par. (4).

§48106. Airway science curriculum grants

Amounts are available from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) to carry out section 44510 ¹ of this title. The amounts remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1296.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48106	49 App.:1354a (2d sentence).	Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101–516, (2d sentence in par. under heading "Facilities and Equipment"), 104 Stat. 2160.
		Oct. 28, 1991, Pub. L. 102–143, (2d sentence in par. under heading "Facilities and Equipment"), 105 Stat. 922.
		Oct. 6, 1992, Pub. L. 102–388, (2d sentence in par. under heading "Facilities and Equipment"), 106 Stat. 1526.

This section is substituted for the source provisions for clarity and because of the restatement.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 44510 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 118–63, title IV, §401(a), May 16, 2024, 138 Stat. 1148.

¹ See References in Text note below.

§48107. Civil aviation security research and development

After the review under section 44912(b) of this title is completed, necessary amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) to make grants under section 44912(a)(4)(A).

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1297.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48107	49 App.:1357(d)(9).	Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85–726, 72 Stat. 731, §316(d)(9); added Nov. 16, 1990, Pub. L. 101–604, §107, 104 Stat. 3077.

The words "to the Secretary of Transportation" are added for clarity and consistency in this chapter.

§48108. Availability and uses of amounts

(a) Availability of Amounts.—Amounts equal to the amounts authorized under sections 48101–48105 of this title remain in the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) until appropriated for the purposes of sections 48101–48105.

(b) Limitations on Uses.—(1) Amounts in the Fund may be appropriated only to carry out a program or activity referred to in this chapter.

(2) Amounts in the Fund may be appropriated for administrative expenses of the Department of Transportation or a component of the Department only to the extent authorized by section 48104 of this title.

(c) Limitation on Obligating or Expending Amounts.—In a fiscal year beginning after September 30, 1998, the Secretary of Transportation may obligate or expend an amount appropriated out of the Fund under section 48104 of this title only if a law expressly amends section 48104.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1297; Pub. L. 103–305, title I, §102(c), Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1571; Pub. L. 104–264, title I, §103(c), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3216.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48108(a)	49 App.:2202(a)(24).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §503(a)(24), 96 Stat. 674; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §103(c)(1), 101 Stat. 1488.
	49 App.:2205(e)(2).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(e)(2), 96 Stat. 679; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(g)(3), 101 Stat. 1494.
48108(b)(1)	49 App.:2205(e)(1).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(e)(1), 96 Stat. 679; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(d)(1), 101 Stat. 1493.
48108(b)(2)	49 App.:2205(e)(3).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(e)(3), 96 Stat. 679.
48108(c)	49 App.:2205(e)(5).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(e)(5), 96 Stat. 679; Dec. 30, 1987, Pub. L. 100–223, §105(d)(2), 101 Stat. 1493; Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §103(c)(2), 106 Stat. 4877.

In subsection (a), the words "for each fiscal year" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (b)(1), the words "Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary" are omitted as surplus. The reference to "this chapter" is intended to include sections 48106 and 48107 of the revised title for accuracy because the source provisions for those sections were enacted after the source provisions being restated in this section.

In subsection (b)(2), the words "for any fiscal year" are omitted as surplus.

In subsection (c), the words "be construed as" and "the purposes described in" are omitted as surplus.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–264 substituted "1998" for "1996".

1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–305 substituted "1996" for "1995".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

§48109. Submission of budget information and legislative recommendations and comments

When the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration submits to the Secretary of Transportation, the President, or the Director of the Office of Management and Budget any budget information, legislative recommendation, or comment on legislation about amounts authorized in section 48101 or 48102 of this title, the Administrator concurrently shall submit a copy of the information, recommendation, or comment to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure and Appropriations of the House, the President of the Senate, and the Committees on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and Appropriations of the Senate.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1297; Pub. L. 104–287, §5(9), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3389.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48109	49 App.:2205(f).	Sept. 3, 1982, Pub. L. 97–248, §506(f), 96 Stat. 679.

The words "Director of the Office of Management and Budget" are substituted for "Office of Management and Budget" because of 31:502(a). The words "or transmits . . . budget estimate, budget request, supplemental budget estimate, or other" and "thereof" are omitted as surplus.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1996—Pub. L. 104–287 substituted "Transportation and Infrastructure" for "Public Works and Transportation".

§48110. Facilities for advanced training of maintenance technicians for air carrier aircraft

For the fiscal years ending September 30, 1993–1995, amounts necessary to carry out section 44515 ¹ of this title may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502). The amounts remain available until expended.

(Pub. L. 103–272, §1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1297.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
48110	49 App.:1354 (note).	Oct. 31, 1992, Pub. L. 102–581, §119(d), 106 Stat. 4884.

The words "to the Secretary of Transportation" are added for clarity and consistency in this chapter.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 44515 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 118–63, title IV, §401(a), May 16, 2024, 138 Stat. 1148.

¹ See References in Text note below.

§48111. Funding proposals

(a) Introduction in the Senate.—Within 15 days (not counting any day on which the Senate is not in session) after a funding proposal is submitted to the Senate by the Secretary of Transportation under section 274(c) of the Air Traffic Management System Performance Improvement Act of 1996, an implementing bill with respect to such funding proposal shall be introduced in the Senate by the majority leader of the Senate, for himself and the minority leader of the Senate, or by Members of the Senate designated by the majority leader and minority leader of the Senate.

(b) Consideration in the Senate.—An implementing bill introduced in the Senate under subsection (a) shall be referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. The Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation shall report the bill with its recommendations within 60 days following the date of introduction of the bill. Upon the reporting of the bill by the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the reported bill shall be referred sequentially to the Committee on Finance for a period of 60 legislative days.

(1) Implementing bill.—The term "implementing bill" means only a bill of the Senate which is introduced as provided in subsection (a) with respect to one or more Federal Aviation Administration funding proposals which contain changes in existing laws or new statutory authority required to implement such funding proposal or proposals.

(2) Funding proposal.—The term "funding proposal" means a proposal to provide interim or permanent funding for operations of the Federal Aviation Administration.

(d) Rules of the Senate.—The provisions of this section are enacted—

(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate and as such they are deemed a part of the rules of the Senate and they supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and

(2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of the Senate to change the rules (so far as relating to the procedure of the Senate) at any time, in the same manner and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of the Senate.

(Added Pub. L. 104–264, title II, §275(a), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3246.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 274(c) of the Air Traffic Management System Performance Improvement Act of 1996, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 274(c) of Pub. L. 104–264, which is set out as a note under section 40101 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on date that is 30 days after Oct. 9, 1996, see section 203 of Pub. L. 104–264, set out as an Effective Date of 1996 Amendment note under section 106 of this title.

Except as otherwise specifically provided, section applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1996, and not to be construed as affecting funds made available for a fiscal year ending before Oct. 1, 1996, see section 3 of Pub. L. 104–264, set out as an Effective Date of 1996 Amendment note under section 106 of this title.

[§48112. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title I, §115, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3201]

Section, added Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §107(a), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 73, related to adjustment to AIP program funding.

§48113. Reprogramming notification requirement

Before reprogramming any amounts appropriated under section 106(k), 48101(a), or 48103, for which notification of the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives is required, the Secretary of Transportation shall transmit a written explanation of the proposed reprogramming to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives.

(Added Pub. L. 106–181, title I, §108(a), Apr. 5, 2000, 114 Stat. 73.)

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 1999, see section 3 of Pub. L. 106–181, set out as an Effective Date of 2000 Amendments note under section 106 of this title.

§48114. Funding for aviation programs

(a) Authorization of Appropriations.—

(1) Airport and airway trust fund guarantee.—

(A) In general.—The total budget resources made available from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund each fiscal year pursuant to sections 48101, 48102, 48103, and 106(k) shall—

(i) in fiscal year 2013, be equal to 90 percent of the estimated level of receipts plus interest credited to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for that fiscal year; and

(ii) in fiscal years 2014 through 2018, be equal to the sum of—

(I) 90 percent of the estimated level of receipts plus interest credited to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for that fiscal year; and

(II) the actual level of receipts plus interest credited to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for the second preceding fiscal year minus the total amount made available for obligation from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for the second preceding fiscal year.

Such amounts may be used only for the aviation investment programs listed in subsection (b)(1).

(B) Guarantee.—No funds may be appropriated or limited for aviation investment programs listed in subsection (b)(1) unless the amount described in subparagraph (A) has been provided.

(2) Additional authorizations of appropriations from the general fund.—In any fiscal year through fiscal year 2018, if the amount described in paragraph (1) is appropriated, there is further authorized to be appropriated from the general fund of the Treasury such sums as may be necessary for the Federal Aviation Administration Operations account.

(b) Definitions.—In this section, the following definitions apply:

(1) Total budget resources.—The term "total budget resources" means the total amount made available from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for the sum of obligation limitations and budget authority made available for a fiscal year for the following budget accounts that are subject to the obligation limitation on contract authority provided in this title and for which appropriations are provided pursuant to authorizations contained in this title:

(A) 69–8106–0–7–402 (Grants in Aid for Airports).

(B) 69–8107–0–7–402 (Facilities and Equipment).

(D) 69–8104–0–7–402 (Trust Fund Share of Operations).

(2) Estimated level of receipts plus interest.—The term "estimated level of receipts plus interest" means the level of excise taxes and interest credited to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for a fiscal year as set forth in the President's budget baseline projection as defined in section 257 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Public Law 99–177) (Treasury identification code 20–8103–0–7–402) for that fiscal year submitted pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code.

(1) Total airport and airway trust fund funding.—It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives or the Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report that would cause total budget resources in a fiscal year for aviation investment programs described in subsection (b) to be less than the amount required by subsection (a)(1)(A) for such fiscal year.

(2) Capital priority.—It shall not be in order in the House of Representatives or the Senate to consider any bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report that provides an appropriation (or any amendment thereto) for any fiscal year through fiscal year 2018 for Research and Development or Operations if the sum of the obligation limitation for Grants-in-Aid for Airports and the appropriation for Facilities and Equipment for such fiscal year is below the sum of the authorized levels for Grants-in-Aid for Airports and for Facilities and Equipment for such fiscal year.

(Added Pub. L. 108–176, title I, §104(a), Dec. 12, 2003, 117 Stat. 2496; amended Pub. L. 112–95, title I, §104, Feb. 14, 2012, 126 Stat. 16; Pub. L. 114–55, title I, §106(a), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 114–190, title I, §1106(a), July 15, 2016, 130 Stat. 618; Pub. L. 115–63, title I, §107(a), Sept. 29, 2017, 131 Stat. 1170; Pub. L. 115–254, div. B, title I, §116, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3201.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is classified to section 9502 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Section 257 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is classified to section 907 of Title 2, The Congress.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018—Subsec. (a)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 115–254 substituted "in fiscal years 2014 through 2018" for "in fiscal year 2014 and each fiscal year thereafter" in introductory provisions.

2017—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–63, §107(a)(1), substituted "2018" for "2017".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 115–63, §107(a)(2), substituted "2018" for "2017".

2016—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 114–190, §1106(a)(1), substituted "fiscal year 2017," for "fiscal year 2016,".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 114–190, §1106(a)(2), substituted "fiscal year 2017" for "fiscal year 2016".

2015—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 114–55, §106(a)(1), substituted "2016' for "2015".

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 114–55, §106(a)(2), substituted "2016" for "2015".

2012—Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 112–95, §104(a), amended subpar. (A) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: "The total budget resources made available from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund each fiscal year through fiscal year 2007 pursuant to sections 48101, 48102, 48103, and 106(k) of title 49, United States Code, shall be equal to the level of receipts plus interest credited to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund for that fiscal year. Such amounts may be used only for aviation investment programs listed in subsection (b)."

Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 112–95, §104(b), substituted "subsection (b)(1)" for "subsection (b)".

Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 112–95, §104(c), substituted "2015" for "2007".

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 112–95, §104(d), substituted "Estimated level" for "Level" in heading and "estimated level of receipts plus interest" for "level of receipts plus interest" in text.

Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 112–95, §104(e), substituted "2015" for "2007".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108–176, set out as an Effective Date of 2003 Amendment note under section 106 of this title.

Deemed References to Chapters 509 and 511 of Title 51

General references to "this title" deemed to refer also to chapters 509 and 511 of Title 51, National and Commercial Space Programs, see section 4(d)(8) of Pub. L. 111–314, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.

CHAPTER 482—ADVANCE APPROPRIATIONS FOR AIRPORT AND AIRWAY TRUST FACILITIES

Sec.

48201.

Advance appropriations.

§48201. Advance appropriations

(a) Multiyear Authorizations.—Beginning with fiscal year 1999, any authorization of appropriations for an activity for which amounts are to be appropriated from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall provide funds for a period of not less than 3 fiscal years unless the activity for which appropriations are authorized is to be concluded before the end of that period.

(b) Multiyear Appropriations.—Beginning with fiscal year 1999, amounts appropriated from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund shall be appropriated for periods of 3 fiscal years rather than annually.

(Added Pub. L. 104–264, title II, §277(a), Oct. 9, 1996, 110 Stat. 3248.)

Editorial Notes

References in Text

Section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsec. (a), is classified to section 9502 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective on date that is 30 days after Oct. 9, 1996, see section 203 of Pub. L. 104–264, set out as an Effective Date of 1996 Amendment note under section 106 of this title.

[CHAPTER 483—REPEALED]

[§48301. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–254, div. K, title I, §1991(i)(1), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3645]

Section, added Pub. L. 107–71, title I, §118(c)(1), Nov. 19, 2001, 115 Stat. 627; amended Pub. L. 108–458, title IV, §4029, Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3727; Pub. L. 110–53, title XVI, §1618, Aug. 3, 2007, 121 Stat. 489, related to aviation security funding.