54 USC Ch. 3203: MONUMENTS, RUINS, SITES, AND OBJECTS OF ANTIQUITY

From Title 54—NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AND RELATED PROGRAMSSubtitle III—National Preservation ProgramsDIVISION C—AMERICAN ANTIQUITIES

CHAPTER 3203—MONUMENTS, RUINS, SITES, AND OBJECTS OF ANTIQUITY

Sec.

320301.

National monuments.

320302.

Permits.

320303.

Regulations.

§320301. National monuments

(a) Presidential Declaration.—The President may, in the President's discretion, declare by public proclamation historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest that are situated on land owned or controlled by the Federal Government to be national monuments.

(b) Reservation of Land.—The President may reserve parcels of land as a part of the national monuments. The limits of the parcels shall be confined to the smallest area compatible with the proper care and management of the objects to be protected.

(c) Relinquishment to Federal Government.—When an object is situated on a parcel covered by a bona fide unperfected claim or held in private ownership, the parcel, or so much of the parcel as may be necessary for the proper care and management of the object, may be relinquished to the Federal Government and the Secretary may accept the relinquishment of the parcel on behalf of the Federal Government.

(d) Limitation on Extension or Establishment of National Monuments in Wyoming.—No extension or establishment of national monuments in Wyoming may be undertaken except by express authorization of Congress.

(Pub. L. 113–287, §3, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3259.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
320301(a) through (c)	16 U.S.C. 431.	June 8, 1906, ch. 3060, §2, 34 Stat. 225.
320301(d)	16 U.S.C. 431a.	Sept. 14, 1950, ch. 950, §1 (proviso relating to national monuments), 64 Stat. 849.

In subsection (c), the word "parcel" is substituted for "tract" for consistency in this section.

In subsection (d), the word "further" is omitted as obsolete.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

National Monuments Established Under Presidential Proclamation

Ackia Battleground National Monument, Mississippi [see section 450r of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2307, Oct. 25, 1938, 53 Stat. 2494.
Admiralty Island National Monument, Alaska [Monument established within Tongass National Forest by Pub. L. 96–487, title V, §503(b), Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2399; Pub. L. 104–123, Apr. 1, 1996, 110 Stat. 879; Pub. L. 105–60, Oct. 10, 1997, 111 Stat. 1269].—Proc. No. 4611, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1446.
African Burial Ground National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 7984, Feb. 27, 2006, 71 F.R. 10793.
Agua Fria National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7263, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2817.
Andrew Johnson National Monument, Tennessee [Monument redesignated Andrew Johnson National Historical Site, see section 450o of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2554, Apr. 27, 1942, 56 Stat. 1955.
Aniakchak National Monument, Alaska [Monument established as unit of National Park System, see section 410hh(1) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 4612, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1448.
Arches National Monument, Utah [Monument abolished and funds made available to Arches National Park, see section 272 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1875, Apr. 12, 1929, 46 Stat. 2988; Proc. No. 2312, Nov. 25, 1938, 53 Stat. 2504; Proc. No. 3360, July 22, 1960, 74 Stat. c79; Proc. No. 3887, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 920.
Avi Kwa Ame National Monument, Nevada.—Proc. No. 10533, Mar. 21, 2023, 88 F.R. 17987; Ex. Ord. No. 14109, §1(ii), Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68448.
Aztec Ruins National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 1650, Jan. 24, 1923, 42 Stat. 2295; Proc. No. 1840, July 2, 1928, 45 Stat. 2954; Proc. No. 1928, Dec. 19, 1930, 46 Stat. 3040; Proc. No. 2787, May 27, 1948, 62 Stat. 1513; Pub. L. 100–559, title VI, §§601–604, Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2800.
Baaj Nwaavjo I'tah Kukveni—Ancestral Footprints of the Grand Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 10606, Aug. 8, 2023, 88 F.R. 55331; Ex. Ord. No. 14109, §1(jj), Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68448.
Badlands National Monument, South Dakota [Monument redesignated Badlands National Park, see section 441e–1 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2320, Jan. 25, 1939, 53 Stat. 2521.
Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 1322, Feb. 11, 1916, 39 Stat. 1764; Proc. No. 1991, Feb. 25, 1932, 47 Stat. 2503; Proc. No. 3388, Jan. 9, 1961, 75 Stat. 1014; Proc. No. 3539, May 27, 1963, 77 Stat. 1006; Pub. L. 94–578, title III, §309, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2736; Pub. L. 105–85, div. C, title XXXI, §3164, Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 2050; Pub. L. 105–376, Nov. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 3388.
Basin and Range National Monument, Nevada.—Proc. No. 9297, July 10, 2015, 80 F.R. 41969.
Bears Ears National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 9558, Dec. 28, 2016, 82 F.R. 1139; Ex. Ord. No. 13811, §1(dd), Sept. 29, 2017, 82 F.R. 46364; Proc. No. 9681, Dec. 4, 2017, 82 F.R. 58081; Ex. Ord. No. 13889, §1(aa), Sept. 27, 2019, 84 F.R. 52744; Ex. Ord. No. 14048, §1(aa), Sept. 30, 2021, 86 F.R. 55466; Proc. No. 10285, Oct. 8, 2021, 86 F.R. 57321; Ex. Ord. No. 14109, §1(gg), Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68448.
Becharof National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4613, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1450.
Belmont-Paul Women's Equality National Monument, District of Columbia.—Proc. No. 9423, Apr. 12, 2016, 81 F.R. 22505.
Bering Land Bridge National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4614, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1451.
Berryessa Snow Mountain National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 9298, July 10, 2015, 80 F.R. 41975.
Big Hole Battlefield National Monument, Montana [Monument redesignated Big Hole National Battlefield, see section 430uu of Title 16, Conservation].—Ex. Ord. No. 1216, June 23, 1910; Proc. No. 2339, June 29, 1939, 53 Stat. 2544.
Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument, Alabama.—Proc. No. 9565, Jan. 12, 2017, 82 F.R. 6151.
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in, and funds made available for, Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park, see section 410fff–2 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2033, Mar. 2, 1933, 47 Stat. 2558; Proc. No. 2286, May 16, 1938, 52 Stat. 1548; Proc. No. 2372, Oct. 28, 1939, 54 Stat. 2669; Proc. No. 3344, Apr. 8, 1960, 74 Stat. c56; Pub. L. 98–357, July 13, 1984, 98 Stat. 397.
Browns Canyon National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 9232, Feb. 19, 2015, 80 F.R. 9975.
Bryce Canyon National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 1664, June 8, 1923, 43 Stat. 1914; Proc. No. 1930, Jan. 5, 1931, 46 Stat. 3042; Proc. No. 1952, May 4, 1931, 47 Stat. 2455.
Buck Island Reef National Monument, Virgin Islands.—Proc. No. 3443, Dec. 28, 1961, 76 Stat. 1441; Proc. No. 4346, Feb. 1, 1975, 89 Stat. 1237; Proc. No. 4359, Mar. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 1254; Proc. No. 7392, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7335.
Cabrillo National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 1255, Oct. 14, 1913, 38 Stat. 1965; Proc. No. 3273, Feb. 2, 1959, 73 Stat. c19; Proc. No. 4319, Sept. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 2514.
California Coastal National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 7264, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2821; Proc. No. 9089, Mar. 11, 2014, 79 F.R. 14603; Proc. No. 9563, Jan. 12, 2017, 82 F.R. 6131.
Camp Hale-Continental Divide National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 10476, Oct. 12, 2022, 87 F.R. 63381.
Camp Nelson National Monument, Kentucky.—Proc. No. 9811, Oct. 26, 2018, 83 F.R. 54845.
Canyon De Chelly National Monument, Arizona [see section 445 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1945, Apr. 1, 1931, 47 Stat. 2448; Proc. No. 2036, Mar. 3, 1933, 47 Stat. 2562.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 7317, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37243.
Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska [Monument established as unit of National Park System, see section 410hh(3) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 4615, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1453.
Capitol Reef National Monument, Utah [Monument abolished and funds made available to Capitol Reef National Park, see section 273 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2246, Aug. 2, 1937, 50 Stat. 1856; Proc. No. 3249, July 2, 1958, 72 Stat. c48; Proc. No. 3888, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 922.
Capulin Mountain National Monument, New Mexico [Monument redesignated Capulin Volcano National Monument by Pub. L. 100–225, title V, §506(g), Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1547].—Proc. No. 1340, Aug. 9, 1916, 39 Stat. 1792.
Capulin Volcano National Monument, New Mexico [Monument changed from Capulin Mountain National Monument, see section 460uu–46(g) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1340, Aug. 9, 1916, 39 Stat. 1792; Pub. L. 87–635, Sept. 5, 1962, 76 Stat. 436; Pub. L. 100–225, title V, §506(g), Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1547.
Carlsbad Cave National Monument, New Mexico [Monument redesignated Carlsbad Caverns National Park, see section 407 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1679, Oct. 25, 1923, 43 Stat. 1929.
Carrizo Plain National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 7393, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7339.
Casa Grande National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1470, Aug. 3, 1918, 40 Stat. 1818.
Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument, Oregon.—Proc. No. 7318, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37249; Pub. L. 111–11, title I, §§1401–1406, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1026–1031; Proc. No. 9564, Jan. 12, 2017, 82 F.R. 6145.
Castillo de San Marcos National Monument, Florida [Monument changed from Fort Marion National Monument by act June 5, 1942, ch. 337, 56 Stat. 312].—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; Pub. L. 108–480, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3907.
Castle Mountains National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 9394, Feb. 12, 2016, 81 F.R. 8365.
Castle Pinckney National Monument, South Carolina.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968.
Castner Range National Monument, Texas.—Proc No. 10534, Mar. 21, 2023, 88 F.R. 17999.
Cedar Breaks National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 2054, Aug. 22, 1933, 48 Stat. 1705.
César E. Chávez National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 8884, Oct. 8, 2012, 77 F.R. 62413.
Chaco Canyon National Monument, New Mexico [Monument abolished and funds made available to Chaco Culture National Historical Park, see section 410ii–1(a) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 740, Mar. 11, 1907, 35 Stat. 2119; Proc. No. 1826, Jan. 10, 1928, 45 Stat. 2937.
Channel Islands National Monument, California [Monument abolished and incorporated in Channel Islands National Park, see section 410ff of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2281, Apr. 26, 1938, 52 Stat. 1541; Proc. No. 2825, Feb. 9, 1949, 63 Stat. 1258; Pub. L. 93–477, title IV, §401, Oct. 26, 1974, 88 Stat. 1447; Pub. L. 94–578, title II, §201(9), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2733.
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers National Monument, Ohio.—Proc. No. 8945, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18777.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Monument, Maryland.—Proc. No. 3391, Jan. 18, 1961, 75 Stat. 1023.
Chimney Rock National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 8868, Sept. 21, 2012, 77 F.R. 59275.
Chiricahua National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1692, Apr. 18, 1924, 43 Stat. 1946; Proc. No. 2288, June 10, 1938, 52 Stat. 1551.
Cinder Cone National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 753, May 6, 1907, 35 Stat. 2131.
Colonial National Monument, Virginia [Monument redesignated Colonial National Historical Park, see section 81 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1929, Dec. 30, 1930, 46 Stat. 3041; Proc. No. 2055, Aug. 22, 1933, 48 Stat. 1706.
Colorado National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 1126, May 24, 1911, 37 Stat. 1681; Proc. No. 2037, Mar. 3, 1933, 47 Stat. 2563; Proc. No. 3307, Aug. 7, 1959, 73 Stat. c69; Pub. L. 94–578, title III, §302(a), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2734.
Craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho.—Proc. No. 1694, May 2, 1924, 43 Stat. 1947; Proc. No. 1843, July 23, 1928, 45 Stat. 2959; Proc. No. 1916, July 9, 1930, 46 Stat. 3029; Proc. No. 2499, July 18, 1941, 55 Stat. 1660; Proc. No. 3506, Nov. 19, 1962, 77 Stat. 960; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, §205, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4106; Proc. No. 7373, Nov. 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 69221; Pub. L. 107–213, §1, Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1052.
Death Valley National Monument, California and Nevada [Monument abolished and incorporated in Death Valley National Park, see section 410aaa–1 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2028, Feb. 11, 1933, 47 Stat. 2554; Proc. No. 2228, Mar. 26, 1937, 50 Stat. 1823; Proc. No. 2961, Jan. 17, 1952, 66 Stat. c18; Pub. L. 103–433, title III, §302, Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4485.
Denali National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4616, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1455.
Devil Postpile National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 1166, July 6, 1911, 37 Stat. 1715.
Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming.—Proc. No. 658, Sept. 24, 1906, 34 Stat. 3236; act Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 647, 69 Stat. 575.
Dinosaur National Monument, Utah-Colorado.—Proc. No. 1313, Oct. 4, 1915, 39 Stat. 1752; Proc. No. 2290, July 14, 1938, 53 Stat. 2454; Pub. L. 100–701, §§2–4, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4641.
Edison Laboratory National Monument, New Jersey [Monument and Edison Home National Historic Site together with certain adjacent lands redesignated Edison National Historic Site by Pub. L. 87–628, §1, Sept. 5, 1962, 76 Stat. 428; Pub. L. 87–628 repealed and references to the Edison National Historic Site deemed to refer to the Thomas Edison National Historical Park by Pub. L. 111–11, title VII, §7110(c)(4), (5), Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1198, see section 410mmm of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 3148, July 14, 1956, 70 Stat. c49.
Effigy Mounds National Monument, Iowa.—Proc. No. 2860, Oct. 25, 1949, 64 Stat. a371; Pub. L. 106–323, Oct. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 1289.
El Morro National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 695, Dec. 8, 1906, 34 Stat. 3264; Proc. No. 1377, June 18, 1917, 40 Stat. 1673.
Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley National Monument, Illinois and Mississippi.—Proc. No. 10602, July 25, 2023, 88 F.R. 48705.
First State National Monument, Delaware [Monument redesignated First State National Historical Park, see section 410rrr of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 8944, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18769.
Fort Jefferson National Monument, Florida [Monument abolished and incorporated in Dry Tortugas National Park, see section 410xx of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2112, Jan. 4, 1935, 49 Stat. 3430; Pub. L. 96–287, title II, June 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 600; Pub. L. 102–525, title II, §201(c), Oct. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 3440.
Fort Laramie National Monument, Wyoming [Monument redesignated Fort Laramie National Historic Site by Pub. L. 86–444, §3, Apr. 29, 1960, 74 Stat. 84].—Proc. No. 2292, July 16, 1938, 53 Stat. 2461.
Fort Marion National Monument, Florida [Monument redesignated Castillo de San Marcos National Monument by act June 5, 1942, ch. 337, 56 Stat. 312].—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968.
Fort Matanzas National Monument, Florida.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; Proc. No. 2114, Jan. 9, 1935, 49 Stat. 3433; Proc. No. 2773, Mar. 24, 1948, 62 Stat. 1491; Pub. L. 106–524, Nov. 22, 2000, 114 Stat. 2493.
Fort Monroe National Monument, Virginia.—Proc. No. 8750, Nov. 1, 2011, 76 F.R. 68625.
Fort Niagara National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 1745, Sept. 5, 1925, 44 Stat. 2582.
Fort Ord National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 8803, Apr. 20, 2012, 77 F.R. 24579.
Fort Pulaski National Monument, Georgia.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; June 26, 1936, ch. 844, 49 Stat. 1979; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title VIII, §807, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4188.
Fort Wood National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968.
Fossil Cycad National Monument, South Dakota.—Proc. No. 1641, Oct. 21, 1922, 42 Stat. 2286.
Freedom Riders National Monument, Alabama.—Proc. No. 9566, Jan. 12, 2017, 82 F.R. 6159.
Gates of the Arctic National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4617, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1457.
Giant Sequoia National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 7295, Apr. 15, 2000, 65 F.R. 24095.
Gila Cliff-Dwellings National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 781, Nov. 16, 1907, 35 Stat. 2162; Proc. No. 3467, Apr. 17, 1962, 76 Stat. 1465.
Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska [Monument redesignated Glacier Bay National Park, see section 410hh–1(1) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1733, Feb. 26, 1925, 43 Stat. 1988; Proc. No. 2330, Apr. 18, 1939, 53 Stat. 2534; Proc. No. 3089, Mar. 31, 1955, 69 Stat. c27; Proc. No. 4618, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1458.
Gold Butte National Monument, Nevada.—Proc. No. 9559, Dec. 28, 2016, 82 F.R. 1149; Ex. Ord. No. 13811, §1(ee), Sept. 29, 2017, 82 F.R. 46364; Ex. Ord. No. 13889, §1(bb), Sept. 27, 2019, 84 F.R. 52744; Ex. Ord. No. 14048, §1(bb), Sept. 30, 2021, 86 F.R. 55466; Ex. Ord. No. 14109, §1(hh), Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68448.
Governors Island National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 7402, Jan. 19, 2001, 66 F.R. 7855; Proc. No. 7647, Feb. 7, 2003, 68 F.R. 7053.
Gran Quivira National Monument, New Mexico [Monument abolished and funds made available to Salinas National Monument by Pub. L. 96–550, title VI, §601(b), Dec. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 3231. Salinas National Monument redesignated Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument by Pub. L. 100–559, title I, §101, Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2797].—Proc. No. 882, Mar. 20, 1909, 36 Stat. 2503; Proc. No. 1545, Nov. 25, 1919, 41 Stat. 1778.
Grand Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 794, Jan. 11, 1908, 35 Stat. 2175; Proc. No. 2022, Dec. 22, 1932, 47 Stat. 2547; Proc. No. 2393, Apr. 4, 1940, 54 Stat. 2692.
Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7265, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2825.
Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 6920, Sept. 18, 1996, 110 Stat. 4561; Pub. L. 105–335, Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3139; Pub. L. 105–355, title II, §201, Nov. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 3252; Pub. L. 106–176, title III, §307, Mar. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 33; Proc. No. 9682, Dec. 4, 2017, 82 F.R. 58089; Ex. Ord. No. 13889, §1(cc), Sept. 27, 2019, 84 F.R. 52744; Ex. Ord. No. 14048, §1(y), Sept. 30, 2021, 86 F.R. 55466; Proc. No. 10286, Oct. 8, 2021, 86 F.R. 57335; Ex. Ord. No. 14109, §1(ee), Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68448.
Great Sand Dunes National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished and incorporated in Great Sand Dunes National Park, see section 410hhh–2 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1994, Mar. 17, 1932, 47 Stat. 2506; Proc. No. 2681, Mar. 12, 1946, 60 Stat. 1339; Proc. No. 3138, June 7, 1956, 70 Stat. c31.
Hanford Reach National Monument, Washington.—Proc. No. 7319, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37253.
Harriet Tubman—Underground Railroad National Monument, Maryland.—Proc. No. 8943, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18763.
Holy Cross National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 530, 64 Stat. 404].—Proc. No. 1877, May 11, 1929, 46 Stat. 2993.
Honouliuli National Monument, Hawaii [Monument abolished by Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2206(d), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 741].—Proc. No. 9234, Feb. 24, 2015, 80 F.R. 11069.
Hovenweep National Monument, Colorado-Utah.—Proc. No. 1654, Mar. 2, 1923, 42 Stat. 2299; Proc. No. 2924, Apr. 26, 1951, 65 Stat. c8; Proc. No. 2998, Nov. 20, 1952, 67 Stat. c21; Proc. No. 3132, Apr. 6, 1956, 70 Stat. c26.
Ironwood Forest National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7320, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37259.
Jackson Hole National Monument, Wyoming [Monument abolished and incorporated in Grand Teton National Park, see section 406d–1 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2578, Mar. 15, 1943, 57 Stat. 731.
Jewel Cave National Monument, South Dakota.—Proc. No. 799, Feb. 7, 1908, 35 Stat. 2180; Pub. L. 89–250, Oct. 9, 1965, 79 Stat. 971.
Joshua Tree National Monument, California [see section 450ii of Title 16, Conservation] [Monument abolished and incorporated in Joshua Tree National Park, see section 410aaa–22 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2193, Aug. 10, 1936, 50 Stat. 1760; Pub. L. 103–433, title IV, §402, Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4488.
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 7394, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7343.
Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument, Maine.—Proc. No. 9476, Aug. 24, 2016, 81 F.R. 59121.
Katmai National Monument, Alaska [Monument redesignated Katmai National Park, see section 410hh–1(2) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1487, Sept. 24, 1918, 40 Stat. 1855; Proc. No. 1950, Apr. 24, 1931, 47 Stat. 2453; Proc. No. 2177, June 15, 1936, 49 Stat. 3523; Proc. No. 2564, Aug. 4, 1942, 56 Stat. 1972; Proc. No. 3890, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 926; Proc. No. 4619, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1460.
Kenai Fjords National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4620, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1462.
Kobuk Valley National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4621, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1463.
Lake Clark National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4622, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1465.
Lassen Peak National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 754, May 6, 1907, 35 Stat. 2132.
Lava Beds National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 1755, Nov. 21, 1925, 44 Stat. 2591; Proc. No. 2925, Apr. 27, 1951, 65 Stat. c9.
Lehman Caves National Monument, Nevada [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in, and funds made available for, Great Basin National Park, see section 410mm(d) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1618, Jan. 24, 1922, 42 Stat. 2260.
Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument, Montana.—Proc. No. 807, May 11, 1908, 35 Stat. 2187; Proc. No. 1123, May 16, 1911, 37 Stat. 1679.
Marble Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 3889, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 924.
Marianas Trench Marine National Monument, Northern Mariana Islands and Guam.—Proc. No. 8335, Jan. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 1557.
Meriwether Lewis National Monument, Tennessee [Monument included in Natchez Trace Parkway, see section 460–1 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1730, Feb. 6, 1925, 43 Stat. 1986; Proc. No. 1825, Dec. 6, 1927, 45 Stat. 2935.
Minidoka Internment National Monument, Idaho [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in Minidoka Historic Site by Pub. L. 110–229, title III, §313, May 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 770, as amended by Pub. L. 113–171, §1, Sept. 26, 2014, 128 Stat. 1895].—Proc. No. 7395, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7347.
Misty Fjords National Monument, Alaska [Monument established within Tongass National Forest by Pub. L. 96–487, title V, §503(a), Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2399].—Proc. No. 4623, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1466.
Mojave Trails National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 9395, Feb. 12, 2016, 81 F.R. 8371.
Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 696, Dec. 8, 1906, 34 Stat. 3265; Proc. No. 2226, Feb. 23, 1937, 50 Stat. 1817; Pub. L. 108–190, Dec. 19, 2003, 117 Stat. 2867.
Mound City Group National Monument, Ohio [Monument redesignated Hopewell Culture National Historic Park, see section 410uu of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 1653, Mar. 2, 1923, 42 Stat. 2298; Pub. L. 96–607, title VII, §701, Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3540.
Mount Olympus National Monument, Washington [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in Mount Olympus National Park, see section 251 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 869, Mar. 2, 1909, 35 Stat. 2247; Proc. No. 1191, Apr. 17, 1912, 37 Stat. 1737; Proc. No. 1293, May 11, 1915, 39 Stat. 1726; Proc. No. 1862, Jan. 7, 1929, 45 Stat. 2984.
Muir Woods National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 793, Jan. 9, 1908, 35 Stat. 2174; Proc. No. 1608, Sept. 22, 1921, 42 Stat. 2249; Proc. No. 2122, Apr. 5, 1935, 49 Stat. 3443; Proc. No. 2932, June 26, 1951, 65 Stat. c20; Proc. No. 3311, Sept. 8, 1959, 73 Stat. c76.
Mukuntuweap National Monument, Utah [Monument redesignated Zion National Monument by Proc. No. 1435, Mar. 18, 1918, 40 Stat. 1760, and later redesignated Zion National Park, see section 344 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 877, July 31, 1909, 36 Stat. 2498.
Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 804, Apr. 16, 1908, 35 Stat. 2183; Proc. No. 881, Sept. 25, 1909, 36 Stat. 2502; Proc. No. 1323, Feb. 11, 1916, 39 Stat. 1764; Proc. No. 3486, Aug. 14, 1962, 76 Stat. 1495.
Navajo National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 873, Mar. 20, 1909, 36 Stat. 2491; Proc. No. 1186, Mar. 14, 1912, 37 Stat. 1733.
Noatak National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4624, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1468.
Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument, Atlantic Ocean.—Proc. No. 9496, Sept. 15, 2016, 81 F.R. 65161; Proc. No. 10049, June 5, 2020, 85 F.R. 35793; Proc. No. 10287, Oct. 8, 2021, 86 F.R. 57349.
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument, Hawaii [Monument redesignated Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument by Proc. No. 8112, Feb. 28, 2007, 72 F.R. 10031].—Proc. No. 8031, June 15, 2006, 71 F.R. 36443.
Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia [Monument redesignated Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, see section 410yyy–3(b)(1) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2212, Dec. 23, 1936, 50 Stat. 1798; Proc. No. 2493, June 13, 1941, 55 Stat. 1654; Pub. L. 102–67, July 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 325.
Old Kasaan National Monument, Alaska [Monument abolished and incorporated in Tongass National Forest by act July 26, 1955, ch. 387, 69 Stat. 380].—Proc. No. 1351, Oct. 25, 1916, 39 Stat. 1812.
Oregon Caves National Monument, Oregon [Monument and land designated as National Preserve to be administered as single unit of National Park System and designated as Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve, see section 410vvv of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 876, July 12, 1909, 36 Stat. 2497.
Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 9131, May 21, 2014, 79 F.R. 30431; Pub. L. 116–9, title I, §1201(a), (d), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 642, 649.
Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 2232, Apr. 13, 1937, 50 Stat. 1827; Pub. L. 108–64, July 29, 2003, 117 Stat. 874.
Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, Wake, Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, and Palmyra Atoll.—Proc. No. 8336, Jan. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 1565.
Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument Expansion, Wake and Jarvis Islands, Johnston Atoll.—Proc. No. 9173, Sept. 25, 2014, 79 F.R. 58645.
Papago Saguaro National Monument, Arizona [Monument abolished by act Apr. 7, 1930, ch. 107, 46 Stat. 142, as amended by Pub. L. 109–163, div. B, title XXVIII, §2873, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3535].—Proc. No. 1262, Jan. 31, 1914, 38 Stat. 1991.
Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, Hawaii [Monument changed from Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument by Proc. No. 8112, Feb. 28, 2007, 72 F.R. 10031].—Proc. No. 8031, June 15, 2006, 71 F.R. 36443.
Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Expansion, Hawaii.—Proc. No. 9478, Aug. 26, 2016, 81 F.R. 60227.
Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial National Monument, Ohio.—Proc. No. 2182, July 6, 1936, 50 Stat. 1734.
Petrified Forest National Monument [Monument disestablished on establishment of Petrified Forest National Park, see sections 119 and 444 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 697, Dec. 8, 1906, 34 Stat. 3266; Proc. No. 1167, July 31, 1911, 37 Stat. 1716; Proc. No. 1927, Nov. 14, 1930, 46 Stat. 3040; Proc. No. 1975, Nov. 30, 1931, 47 Stat. 2486; Proc. No. 2011, Sept. 23, 1932, 47 Stat. 2532.
Pinnacles National Monument, California [Monument abolished and lands and interests therein incorporated within and made part of Pinnacles National Park, see section 410ooo–1 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 796, Jan. 16, 1908, 35 Stat. 2177; Proc. No. 1660, May 7, 1923, 43 Stat. 1911; Proc. No. 1704, July 2, 1924, 43 Stat. 1961; Proc. No. 1948, Apr. 13, 1931, 47 Stat. 2451; Proc. No. 2050, July 11, 1933, 48 Stat. 1701; Proc. No. 2528, Dec. 5, 1941, 55 Stat. 1709; Proc. No. 7266, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2831.
Pipe Spring National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1663, May 31, 1923, 43 Stat. 1913.
Pompeys Pillar National Monument, Montana.—Proc. No. 7396, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7351.
President Lincoln and Soldiers' Home National Monument, District of Columbia.—Proc. No. 7329, July 7, 2000, 65 F.R. 43673.
Pullman National Monument, Illinois [Monument redesignated Pullman National Historical Park, see section 410jjjj(b)(1) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 9233, Feb. 19, 2015, 80 F.R. 10315 [abrogated by section 410jjjj(b)(4) of Title 16].
Rainbow Bridge National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 1043, May 30, 1910, 36 Stat. 2703.
Reconstruction Era National Monument, South Carolina [Monument redesignated Reconstruction Era National Historical Park, see section 410bbbb(b)(1) of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 9567, Jan. 12, 2017, 82 F.R. 6167.
Río Grande del Norte National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 8946, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18783.
Rose Atoll Marine National Monument, American Samoa.—Proc. No. 8337, Jan. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 1577.
Russell Cave National Monument, Alabama.—Proc. No. 3413, May 11, 1961, 75 Stat. 1058.
Saguaro National Monument, Arizona [Monument abolished and incorporated in Saguaro National Park, see section 410zz–1 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2032, Mar. 1, 1933, 47 Stat. 2557; Proc. No. 3439, Nov. 15, 1961, 76 Stat. 1437; Pub. L. 102–61, June 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 303; Pub. L. 103–364, §3, Oct. 14, 1994, 108 Stat. 3467.
San Gabriel Mountains National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 9194, Oct. 10, 2014, 79 F.R. 62303.
San Juan Islands National Monument, Washington.—Proc. No. 8947, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18789; Ex. Ord. No. 13708, §1(nn), Sept. 30, 2015, 80 F.R. 60272; Ex. Ord. No. 13811, §1(cc), Sept. 29, 2017, 82 F.R. 46364; Ex. Ord. No. 13889, §1(z), Sept. 27, 2019, 84 F.R. 52744; Ex. Ord. No. 14048, §1(z), Sept. 30, 2021, 86 F.R. 55466; Ex. Ord. No. 14109, §1(ff), Sept. 29, 2023, 88 F.R. 68448.
Sand to Snow National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 9396, Feb. 12, 2016, 81 F.R. 8379.
Santa Rosa Island National Monument, Florida.—Proc. No. 2337, May 17, 1939, 53 Stat. 2542; Proc. No. 2659, Aug. 13, 1945, 59 Stat. 877.
Scotts Bluff National Monument, Nebraska.—Proc. No. 1547, Dec. 12, 1919, 41 Stat. 1779; Proc. No. 1999, June 1, 1932, 47 Stat. 2512; Proc. No. 2391, Mar. 29, 1940, 54 Stat. 2690.
Shoshone Cavern National Monument, Wyoming [Monument abolished by act May 17, 1954, ch. 203, 68 Stat. 98].—Proc. No. 880, Sept. 21, 1909, 36 Stat. 2501.
Sieur de Monts National Monument, Maine.—Proc. No. 1339, July 8, 1916, 39 Stat. 1785.
Sitka National Monument, Alaska [Monument redesignated Sitka National Historical Park by Pub. L. 92–501, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 904, as amended by Pub. L. 106–291, title I, §130, Oct. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 946].—Proc. No. 959, Mar. 23, 1910, 36 Stat. 2601; Proc. No. 2965, Feb. 25, 1952, 66 Stat. c22.
Sonoran Desert National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7397, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7354.
Statue of Liberty National Monument.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; Proc. No. 2250, Sept. 7, 1937, 51 Stat. 393; Proc. No. 3656, May 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 1490.
Stonewall National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 9465, June 24, 2016, 81 F.R. 42215.
Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument, Arizona [Monument changed from Sunset Crater National Monument by Pub. L. 101–612, §15, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3222].—Proc. No. 1911, May 26, 1930, 46 Stat. 3023; Pub. L. 117–328, div. DD, title VI, §611, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5602.
Timpanogos Cave National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 1640, Oct. 14, 1922, 42 Stat. 2285; Proc. No. 3457, Mar. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 1457; Pub. L. 107–329, title I, Dec. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 2815.
Tonto National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 787, Dec. 19, 1907, 35 Stat. 2168; Proc. No. 2230, Apr. 1, 1937, 50 Stat. 1825.
Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in, and funds made available for, Tumacacori National Historical Park, see section 410ss of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 821, Sept. 15, 1908, 35 Stat. 2205; Proc. No. 3228, Mar. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. c30.
Tuzigoot National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 2344, July 25, 1939, 53 Stat. 2548.
Upper Missouri River Breaks National Monument, Montana.—Proc. No. 7398, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7359.
Verendrye National Monument, North Dakota.—Proc. No. 1380, June 29, 1917, 40 Stat. 1677.
Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7374, Nov. 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 69227.
Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument, Virgin Islands.—Proc. No. 7399, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7364.
Waco Mammoth National Monument, Texas.—Proc. No. 9299, July 10, 2015, 80 F.R. 41983.
Walnut Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1318, Nov. 30, 1915, 39 Stat. 1761; Proc. No. 2300, Sept. 24, 1938, 53 Stat. 2469; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, §208, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4107.
Wheeler National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 534, 64 Stat. 405].—Proc. No. 831, Dec. 7, 1908, 35 Stat. 2214.
White Sands National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 2025, Jan. 18, 1933, 47 Stat. 2551; Proc. No. 2108, Nov. 28, 1934, 49 Stat. 3426; Proc. No. 2295, Aug. 29, 1938, 53 Stat. 2465; Proc. No. 3024, June 24, 1953, 67 Stat. c53; Pub. L. 104–201, div. B, title XXVIII, §2854, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2803, repealed by Pub. L. 116–92, div. B, title XXVIII, §2851(c)(2)(C), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1897.
World War II Valor In the Pacific National Monument, Alaska, California, and Hawaii [Monument redesignated Pearl Harbor National Memorial, Tule Lake National Monument, and Aleutian Islands World War II National Monument by Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2206(a)–(c), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 740, 741].—Proc. No. 8327, Dec. 5, 2008, 73 F.R. 75293; Pub. L. 115–170, May 7, 2018, 132 Stat. 1286.
Wrangell-St. Elias National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4625, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1470.
Wupatki National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1721, Dec. 9, 1924, 43 Stat. 1977; Proc. No. 2243, July 9, 1937, 52 Stat. 1841; Proc. No. 2454, Jan. 20, 1941, 55 Stat. 1608; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, §207, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4107.
Yucca House National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 1549, Dec. 19, 1919, 41 Stat. 1781; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, §201, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4105; Pub. L. 116–329, Jan. 13, 2021, 134 Stat. 5100.
Yukon-Charley National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4626, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1472.
Yukon Flats National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4627, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1473.
Zion National Monument, Utah [Monument combined with Zion National Park into a single National park unit, see section 346b of Title 16, Conservation. A prior Zion National Monument, formerly Mukuntuweap National Monument, Proc. No. 877, July 31, 1909, 36 Stat. 2498, and Proc. No. 1435, Mar. 18, 1918, 40 Stat. 1760, was redesignated Zion National Park, see section 344 of Title 16, Conservation].—Proc. No. 2221, Jan. 22, 1937, 50 Stat. 1809.

Miscellaneous National Monuments

Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, Nebraska.—Pub. L. 89–33, June 5, 1965, 79 Stat. 123.
Aleutian Islands World War II National Monument, Alaska.—Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2206(c), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 741.
Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument, Texas.—Pub. L. 89–154, Aug. 31, 1965, 79 Stat. 587. Name changed from Alibates Flint Quarries and Texas Panhandle Pueblo Culture National Monument by Pub. L. 95–625, title III, §321(c), Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3488.
Camp Nelson Heritage National Monument, Kentucky.—Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2303, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 745.
Congaree Swamp National Monument, South Carolina [Monument redesignated Congaree National Park, see section 410jjj of Title 16, Conservation].
El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 100–225, title I, §§101–104, Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1539 (16 U.S.C. 460uu et seq.).
Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Colorado.—Pub. L. 91–60, Aug. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2106, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 726.
Fossil Butte National Monument, Wyoming.—Pub. L. 92–537, Oct. 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 1069.
Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho.—Pub. L. 100–696, title III, §§301–308, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4575, as amended by Pub. L. 101–512, title I, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1923; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, §206, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4106; Pub. L. 106–421, Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1870.
Hohokam Pima National Monument, Arizona.—Pub. L. 92–525, Oct. 21, 1972, 86 Stat. 1047.
John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, Oregon.—Pub. L. 93–486, title I, §101(a)(2), Oct. 26, 1974, 88 Stat. 1461.
Jurassic National Monument, Utah.—Pub. L. 116–9, title I, §1252, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 676.
Kill Devil National Monument, North Carolina.—Act Mar. 2, 1927, ch. 251, 44 Stat. 1264. Redesignated Wright Brothers National Memorial, Dec. 1, 1953.
Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, Montana.—Pub. L. 102–201, titles I, II, Dec. 10, 1991, 105 Stat. 1631.
Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument, Mississippi.—Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2301, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 743.
Mill Springs Battlefield National Monument, Kentucky.—Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2302, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 744.
Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, Washington.—Pub. L. 97–243, Aug. 26, 1982, 96 Stat. 301; Pub. L. 105–279, Oct. 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 2690.
National Military Working Dog Teams Monument, Virginia.—Pub. L. 110–181, div. B, title XXVIII, §2877, Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 563; Pub. L. 111–84, div. B, title XXVIII, §2871, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2696.
Newberry National Volcanic Monument, Oregon.—Pub. L. 101–522, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2288.
Pecos National Monument, New Mexico [included in Pecos National Historical Park by Pub. L. 101–313, title II, §202(b), June 27, 1990, 104 Stat. 278 (16 U.S.C. 410rr–1(b))].—Pub. L. 89–54, June 28, 1965, 79 Stat. 195; Pub. L. 94–578, title III, §317, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2737; repealed by Pub. L. 101–313, title II, §202(c), June 27, 1990, 104 Stat. 278 (16 U.S.C. 410rr–1(c)).
Petroglyph National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 101–313, title I, June 27, 1990, 104 Stat. 272, as amended by Pub. L. 103–50, ch. IV, §401, July 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 252; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title VIII, §814(d)(2)(D), Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4196; Pub. L. 105–174, title III, §3005, May 1, 1998, 112 Stat. 82.
Poverty Point National Monument, Louisiana.—Pub. L. 100–560, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2803.
Prehistoric Trackways National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 111–11, title II, §§2101–2105, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1096–1099.
Saint Francis Dam Disaster National Monument, California.—Pub. L. 116–9, title I, §1111, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 611.
Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 96–550, title VI, §601, Dec. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 3231, as amended by Pub. L. 100–559, title I, §101, Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2797.
Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument, California.—Pub. L. 106–351, Oct. 24, 2000, 114 Stat. 1362; Pub. L. 106–434, §2, Nov. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 1913; Pub. L. 111–11, title I, §1853, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1068.
Tule Lake National Monument, California.—Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2206(b), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 741.
Tule Springs Fossil Beds National Monument, Nevada.—Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXX, §3092(a), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3861.

National Memorials

AIDS Memorial Grove National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title V, §516, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4170.
Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas.—Pub. L. 86–595, July 6, 1960, 74 Stat. 333; Pub. L. 94–578, title II, §201(2), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2733; Pub. L. 105–83, title I, §126, Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1567.
Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial, Virginia.—Act Mar. 4, 1925, ch. 562, 43 Stat. 1356. Made permanent memorial by act June 29, 1955, ch. 223, 69 Stat. 190; Pub. L. 93–333, June 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 401; Pub. L. 116–92, div. B, title XXVIII, §2834(e)(4), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1894.
Astronauts Memorial, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida.—Recognized as national memorial to astronauts who die in line of duty by Pub. L. 102–41, May 8, 1991, 105 Stat. 242.
Battle of Midway National Memorial, Midway Atoll.—Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, §1000(a)(3) [title I, §126], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A-164.
Benjamin Franklin National Memorial, Pennsylvania.—Designation of Benjamin Franklin Memorial Hall as National Memorial by Pub. L. 92–551, Oct. 25, 1972, 86 Stat. 1164.
Bosque Redondo Memorial, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 106–511, title II, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2369; Pub. L. 108–204, title I, §101, Mar. 2, 2004, 118 Stat. 543.
Buffalo Soldiers Memorial, Louisiana.—Pub. L. 109–152, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2887.
Chamizal National Memorial, Texas.—Pub. L. 89–479, June 30, 1966, 80 Stat. 232; Pub. L. 94–578, title II, §201(3), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2733.
Coronado National Memorial, Arizona.—Acts Aug. 18, 1941, ch. 365, §1, 55 Stat. 630, and July 9, 1952, ch. 610, 66 Stat. 510 (16 U.S.C. 450y); Proc. No. 2995, Nov. 5, 1952, 67 Stat. c18.
Custis-Lee Mansion National Memorial, Virginia.—Transferred to and renamed Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial.
David Berger Memorial, Ohio.—Pub. L. 96–199, title I, §116, Mar. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 71.
Disabled American Veterans Vietnam Veterans National Memorial, New Mexico.—Recognized as a memorial of national significance by Pub. L. 100–164, Nov. 13, 1987, 101 Stat. 905.
Distinguished Flying Cross National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 113–132, July 25, 2014, 128 Stat. 1727.
El Paso Community Healing Garden National Memorial, Texas.—Pub. L. 117–328, div. DD, title VII, §706, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5619.
Father Marquette National Memorial, Michigan.—Pub. L. 94–160, Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 848.
Federal Hall National Memorial, New York.—Designated May 26, 1939. Designation changed from Federal Hall Memorial Historic Site by act Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 779, §3, 69 Stat. 633.
Flight 93 National Memorial, Pennsylvania.—Pub. L. 107–226, Sept. 24, 2002, 116 Stat. 1345; Pub. L. 110–161, div. F, title I, §128, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2122.
Fort Caroline National Memorial, Florida.—Act Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 973, 64 Stat. 897. Established Jan. 16, 1953.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Acts Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 833, 69 Stat. 694; Sept. 1, 1959, Pub. L. 86–214, 73 Stat. 445; Oct. 18, 1962, Pub. L. 87–842, 76 Stat. 1079; Oct. 30, 1965, Pub. L. 89–305, 79 Stat. 1126; Sept. 8, 1970, Pub. L. 91–398, 84 Stat. 837; June 30, 1972, Pub. L. 92–332, 86 Stat. 401; July 28, 1982, Pub. L. 97–224, 96 Stat. 243; Oct. 1, 1996, Pub. L. 104–221, §§3, 4, 110 Stat. 3024; July 24, 1997, Pub. L. 105–29, 111 Stat. 246; Nov. 14, 1997, Pub. L. 105–83, title III, §335, 111 Stat. 1601.
Hamilton Grange National Memorial, New York.—Pub. L. 87–438, Apr. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 57, as amended by Pub. L. 100–701, §1, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4640; Pub. L. 106–482, Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2192.
House Where Lincoln Died National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act June 11, 1896, ch. 420, 29 Stat. 439.
Johnstown Flood National Memorial, Pennsylvania.—Pub. L. 88–546, Aug. 31, 1964, 78 Stat. 752; Pub. L. 108–313, Oct. 5, 2004, 118 Stat. 1196.
Kol Israel Foundation Holocaust National Memorial, Ohio.—Pub. L. 117–328, div. DD, title VII, §701, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5616.
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial, Indiana.—Pub. L. 87–407, Feb. 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 9.
Lincoln Museum National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act Apr. 7, 1866, ch. 28, §1, 14 Stat. 23.
Lincoln National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act Feb. 9, 1911, ch. 42, 36 Stat. 898.
Medicine Creek Treaty National Memorial, Washington.—Pub. L. 114–101, §3, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2203.
Memorial to the Victims of the Shooting at the Washington Navy Yard on September 16, 2013, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXVIII, §2853, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3715.
Military Divers Memorial.—Pub. L. 113–66, div. B, title XXVIII, §2842, Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1024.
Mount Rushmore National Memorial, South Dakota.—Act Feb. 25, 1929, ch. 315, 45 Stat. 1300.
Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, §116, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3346; Pub. L. 109–272, Aug. 14, 2006, 120 Stat. 770; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title X, §1071(d), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2401; Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXVIII, §2852, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3713.
National D-Day Memorial, Virginia.—Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title X, §1080, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2670.
National Fallen Firefighters' Memorial, Maryland.—Pub. L. 101–347, Aug. 9, 1990, 104 Stat. 398.
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, District of Columbia.—Establishment of Maintenance Fund by Pub. L. 104–329, title II, §201, Oct. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 4011; Pub. L. 109–314, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1739.
National Medal of Honor Sites.—Pub. L. 106–83, Oct. 28, 1999, 113 Stat. 1293.
National Memorial to Fallen Educators, Kansas.—Pub. L. 115–169, Apr. 30, 2018, 132 Stat. 1285.
National Pulse Memorial, Florida.—Pub. L. 117–20, June 25, 2021, 135 Stat. 291.
National Veterans Memorial and Museum, Ohio.—Pub. L. 115–186, June 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 1487.
Patrick Henry National Memorial, Virginia.—Pub. L. 99–296, May 12, 1986, 100 Stat. 429.
Pearl Harbor National Memorial, Hawai'i.—Pub. L. 116–9, title II, §2206(a), Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 740.
Port Chicago National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 102–562, title II, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4235; Pub. L. 111–84, div. B, title XXVIII, §2853(a), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2685.
Prisoner of War/Missing in Action National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 108–454, title VI, §601, Dec. 10, 2004, 118 Stat. 3623.
Richard L. Kohnstamm Memorial Area, Oregon.—Pub. L. 111–11, title I, §1202(b), Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1009.
Saint Francis Dam Disaster National Memorial, California. Pub. L. 116–9, title I, §1111, Mar. 12, 2019, 133 Stat. 611.
Seabees of the United States Navy Memorial.—Pub. L. 92–422, Sept. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 678.
Signers of the Declaration of Independence Memorial, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 95–260, Apr. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 197.
Thomas Jefferson National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act June 26, 1934, ch. 763, 48 Stat. 1243.
United States Marine Corps Memorial, Virginia.—Act July 1, 1947, ch. 196, 61 Stat. 242, as amended July 7, 1952, ch. 585, 66 Stat. 441; June 16, 1953, ch. 120, 67 Stat. 64.
United States National Civil Defense Monument, Maryland.—Authorized by Pub. L. 106–103, Nov. 13, 1999, 113 Stat. 1482.
United States Navy Memorial, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 96–199, title I, §113, Mar. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 70.
U.S.S. Indianapolis Memorial, Indiana.—Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, §1165, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1765.
USS Oklahoma Memorial, Hawaii.—Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title X, §1017, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3425.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 96–297, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 827; Pub. L. 106–214, §1, June 15, 2000, 114 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 108–126, title I, §101, Nov. 17, 2003, 117 Stat. 1348; Pub. L. 111–270, §1, Oct. 12, 2010, 124 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 112–74, div. E, title IV, §420, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1045; Pub. L. 113–21, July 18, 2013, 127 Stat. 490.
Washington Monument National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act Aug. 2, 1876, ch. 250, §1, 19 Stat. 123.
White Cross World War I Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 107–117, div. A, title VIII, §8137, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2278; Pub. L. 108–87, title VIII, §8121, Sept. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 1100.
World War II Memorial, Guam.—Pub. L. 106–398, §1 [div. B, title XXVIII, §2886], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A-441, as amended by Pub. L. 107–107, div. B, title XXVIII, §2868, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1334.
Wright Brothers National Memorial, North Carolina.—Kill Devil Hill National Monument authorized by act Mar. 2, 1927, ch. 251, 44 Stat. 1264. Redesignated Wright Brothers National Memorial, Dec. 1, 1953.

Grants for 9/11 Memorials

Pub. L. 115–413, Jan. 3, 2019, 132 Stat. 5427, provided for competitive grants for operation, security, and maintenance of certain memorials to victims of the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, to be used by eligible 501(c)(3) organizations in existence on Jan. 3, 2019, including criteria for awards, requirements for free admission to facilities and allowance of Federal audits of finanacial statements, and reporting requirements.

Albert Einstein Memorial

Pub. L. 95–625, title VI, §612, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3521, as amended by Pub. L. 96–87, title IV, §401(o), Oct. 12, 1979, 93 Stat. 666, authorized conveyance of property to National Academy of Sciences for erection and maintenance of a Memorial to Albert Einstein on south side of Square Numbered 88 between 21st Street, 22d Street, and Constitution Avenue, District of Columbia, with reverter of title when no longer used for memorial purposes or public access is restricted.

§320302. Permits

(a) Authority To Grant Permit.—The Secretary, the Secretary of Agriculture, or the Secretary of the Army may grant a permit for the examination of ruins, the excavation of archeological sites, and the gathering of objects of antiquity on land under their respective jurisdictions to an institution that the Secretary concerned considers properly qualified to conduct the examination, excavation, or gathering, subject to such regulations as the Secretary concerned may prescribe.

(b) Purpose of Examination, Excavation, or Gathering.—A permit may be granted only if—

(1) the examination, excavation, or gathering is undertaken for the benefit of a reputable museum, university, college, or other recognized scientific or educational institution, with a view to increasing the knowledge of the objects; and

(2) the gathering shall be made for permanent preservation in a public museum.

(Pub. L. 113–287, §3, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
320302	16 U.S.C. 432 (1st sentence).	June 8, 1906, ch. 3060, §3, 34 Stat. 225; July 26, 1947, ch. 343, title II, §205(a), 61 Stat. 501.

In subsection (a), section 205(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (ch. 343, 61 Stat. 501) was repealed by section 53 of the Act of August 10, 1956 (ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 676). Section 1 of the Act of August 10, 1956 (70A Stat. 1), enacted Title 10, "Armed Forces", and under sections 3010 to 3013 of title 10, the Department of the Army remains under the administrative supervision of the Secretary of the Army.

§320303. Regulations

The Secretary, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Secretary of the Army shall make and publish uniform regulations for the purpose of carrying out this chapter.

(Pub. L. 113–287, §3, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3260.)

Historical and Revision Notes
Revised Section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
320303	16 U.S.C. 432 (last sentence).	June 8, 1906, ch. 3060, §4, 34 Stat. 225.