§2154. Production of defective war material, war premises, or war utilities

(a) Whoever, when the United States is at war, or in times of national emergency as declared by the President or by the Congress, with intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United States or any associate nation in preparing for or carrying on the war or defense activities, or, with reason to believe that his act may injure, interfere with, or obstruct the United States or any associate nation in preparing for or carrying on the war or defense activities, willfully makes, constructs, or causes to be made or constructed in a defective manner, or attempts to make, construct, or cause to be made or constructed in a defective manner any war material, war premises or war utilities, or any tool, implement, machine, utensil, or receptacle used or employed in making, producing, manufacturing, or repairing any such war material, war premises or war utilities, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than thirty years, or both.

(b) If two or more persons conspire to violate this section, and one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the conspiracy, each of the parties to such conspiracy shall be punished as provided in subsection (a) of this section.

(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 799 ; June 30, 1953, ch. 175, §2, 67 Stat. 133 ; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261, title I, §103, 68 Stat. 1218 ; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, §330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147 .)

Historical and Revision Notes

Based on section 103 of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, §3, 40 Stat. 534 ).

The conspiracy provisions are new. Their addition to the section was strongly urged by the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice, considering the gravity of the substantive offense as evidenced by the prescribed punishment therefor. The punishment provisions of the general conspiracy statute, section 371 of this title, are inadequate.

Words "upon conviction thereof" were omitted as unnecessary, since punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.

Minor changes were made in phraseology.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

1994-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–322 substituted "fined under this title" for "fined not more than $10,000".

1954-Act Sept. 3, 1954, made section applicable in time of national emergency, and enlarged its scope by bringing "war premises, or war utilities" within jurisdiction of section.

1953-Subsec. (a). Act June 30, 1953, inserted "or defense activities" after "carrying on the war".

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Repeals

Act June 30, 1953, ch. 175, §7, 67 Stat. 134 , repealed Joint Res. July 3, 1952, ch. 570, §1(a)(29), 66 Stat. 333 ; Joint Res. Mar. 31, 1953, ch. 13, §1, 67 Stat. 18 , formerly cited as credits to this section and also formerly set out as a note under this section.