FEDERAL RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
(As amended to January 2, 2024)
Historical Note
The original Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure were adopted by order of the Supreme Court on Dec. 26, 1944, transmitted to Congress by the Attorney General on Jan. 3, 1945, and became effective on Mar. 21, 1946.
The Rules have been amended Dec. 27, 1948, eff. Jan. 1, 1949; Dec. 27, 1948, eff. Oct. 20, 1949; Apr. 12, 1954, eff. July 1, 1954; Apr. 9, 1956, eff. July 8, 1956; Feb. 28, 1966, eff. July 1, 1966; Dec. 4, 1967, eff. July 1, 1968; Mar. 1, 1971, eff. July 1, 1971; Apr. 24, 1972, eff. Oct. 1, 1972; Nov. 20, 1972, eff. July 1, 1975, pursuant to Pub. L. 93–595; Mar. 18, 1974, eff. July 1, 1974; Apr. 22, 1974, eff. in part Aug. 1, 1975, and Dec. 1, 1975, pursuant to Pub. L. 93–361 and
Pub. L. 94–64; Dec. 12, 1975,
Pub. L. 94–149, §5, 89 Stat. 806
; Apr. 26, 1976, eff. in part Aug. 1, 1976, and Oct. 1, 1977, pursuant to Pub. L. 94–349 and
Pub. L. 95–78; Apr. 30, 1979, eff. in part Aug. 1, 1979, and Dec. 1, 1980, pursuant to Pub. L. 96–42; Apr. 28, 1982, eff. Aug. 1, 1982; Oct. 12, 1982,
Pub. L. 97–291, §3, 96 Stat. 1249
; Apr. 28, 1983, eff. Aug. 1, 1983; Oct. 12, 1984,
Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §§209, 215, 404, 98 Stat. 1986
, 2014, 2067; Oct. 30, 1984,
Pub. L. 98–596, §11(a), (b), 98 Stat. 3138
; Apr. 29, 1985, eff. Aug. 1, 1985; Oct. 27, 1986,
Pub. L. 99–570, title I, §1009(a), 100 Stat. 3207–8
; Nov. 10, 1986,
Pub. L. 99–646, §§12(b), 24, 25(a), 54(a), 100 Stat. 3594
, 3597, 3607; Mar. 9, 1987, eff. Aug. 1, 1987; Apr. 25, 1988, eff. Aug. 1, 1988; Nov. 18, 1988,
Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, §6483, title VII, §§7076, 7089(c), 102 Stat. 4382
, 4406, 4409; Apr. 25, 1989, eff. Dec. 1, 1989; May 1, 1990, eff. Dec. 1, 1990; Apr. 30, 1991, eff. Dec. 1, 1991; Apr. 22, 1993, eff. Dec. 1, 1993; Apr. 29, 1994, eff. Dec. 1, 1994; Sept. 13, 1994,
Pub. L. 103–322, title XXIII, §230101(b), title XXXIII, §330003(h), 108 Stat. 2078
, 2141; Apr. 27, 1995, eff. Dec. 1, 1995; Apr. 23, 1996, eff. Dec. 1, 1996; Apr. 24, 1996,
Pub. L. 104–132, title II, §207(a), 110 Stat. 1236
; Apr. 11, 1997, eff. Dec. 1, 1997; Apr. 24, 1998, eff. Dec. 1, 1998; Apr. 26, 1999, eff. Dec. 1, 1999; Apr. 17, 2000, eff. Dec. 1, 2000; Oct. 26, 2001,
Pub. L. 107–56, title II, §§203(a), 219, 115 Stat. 278
, 291; Apr. 29, 2002, eff. Dec. 1, 2002; Nov. 2, 2002,
Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, §11019(b), 116 Stat. 1825
; Nov. 25, 2002,
Pub. L. 107–296, title VIII, §895, 116 Stat. 2256
; Apr. 30, 2003,
Pub. L. 108–21, title VI, §610(b), 117 Stat. 692
; Apr. 26, 2004, eff. Dec. 1, 2004;
Pub. L. 108–458, title VI, §6501(a), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3760
; Apr. 25, 2005, eff. Dec. 1, 2005; Apr. 12, 2006, eff. Dec. 1, 2006; Apr. 30, 2007, eff. Dec. 1, 2007; Apr. 23, 2008, eff. Dec. 1, 2008; Mar. 26, 2009, eff. Dec. 1, 2009; Apr. 28, 2010, eff. Dec. 1, 2010; Apr. 26, 2011, eff. Dec. 1, 2011; Apr. 23, 2012, eff. Dec. 1, 2012; Apr. 16, 2013, eff. Dec. 1, 2013; Apr. 25, 2014; eff. Dec. 1, 2014; Apr. 28, 2016, eff. Dec. 1, 2016;
Pub. L. 114–324, §2(c), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1948
; Apr. 26, 2018, eff. Dec. 1, 2018; Apr. 25, 2019, eff. Dec. 1, 2019;
Pub. L. 116–182, §2, Oct. 21, 2020, 134 Stat. 894
; Apr. 11, 2022, eff. Dec. 1, 2022;
Pub. L. 117–347, title III, §323(a)(1)(A), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6206
; Apr. 24, 2023, eff. Dec. 1, 2023.
TITLE I. APPLICABILITY
TITLE II. PRELIMINARY PROCEEDINGS
4.
Arrest Warrant or Summons on a Complaint.
4.1.
Complaint, Warrant, or Summons by Telephone or Other Reliable Electronic Means.
5.1.
Preliminary Hearing.
TITLE III. THE GRAND JURY, THE INDICTMENT, AND THE INFORMATION
7.
The Indictment and the Information.
8.
Joinder of Offenses or Defendants.
9.
Arrest Warrant or Summons on an Indictment or Information.
TITLE IV. ARRAIGNMENT AND PREPARATION FOR TRIAL
12.
Pleadings and Pretrial Motions.
12.1.
Notice of an Alibi Defense.
12.2.
Notice of an Insanity Defense; Mental Examination.
12.3.
Notice of a Public-Authority Defense.
12.4.
Disclosure Statement.
13.
Joint Trial of Separate Cases.
14.
Relief from Prejudicial Joinder.
16.
Discovery and Inspection.
16.1.
Pretrial Discovery Conference; Request for Court Action.
17.1.
Pretrial Conference.
TITLE V. VENUE
18.
Place of Prosecution and Trial.
20.
Transfer for Plea and Sentence.
TITLE VI. TRIAL
23.
Jury or Nonjury Trial.
26.1.
Foreign Law Determination.
26.2.
Producing a Witness's Statement.
27.
Proving an Official Record.
29.
Motion for a Judgment of Acquittal.
TITLE VII. POST-CONVICTION PROCEDURES
32.
Sentencing and Judgment.
32.1.
Revoking or Modifying Probation or Supervised Release.
32.2.
Criminal Forfeiture.
35.
Correcting or Reducing a Sentence.
37.
Indicative Ruling on a Motion for Relief That Is Barred by a Pending Appeal.
38.
Staying a Sentence or a Disability.
TITLE VIII. SUPPLEMENTARY AND SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS
40.
Arrest for Failing to Appear in Another District or for Violating Conditions of Release Set in Another District.
TITLE IX. GENERAL PROVISIONS
43.
Defendant's Presence.
44.
Right to and Appointment of Counsel.
45.
Computing and Extending Time.
46.
Release from Custody; Supervising Detention.
47.
Motions and Supporting Affadavits.
49.
Serving and Filing Papers.
49.1.
Privacy Protection For Filings Made with the Court.
51.
Preserving Claimed Error.
52.
Harmless and Plain Error.
53.
Courtroom Photographing and Broadcasting Prohibited.
57.
District Court Rules.
58.
Petty Offenses and Other Misdemeanors.
59.
Matters Before a Magistrate Judge.
62.
Criminal Rules Emergency.