§68. Overall limitation on itemized deductions

(a) General rule

In the case of an individual whose adjusted gross income exceeds the applicable amount, the amount of the itemized deductions otherwise allowable for the taxable year shall be reduced by the lesser of-

(1) 3 percent of the excess of adjusted gross income over the applicable amount, or

(2) 80 percent of the amount of the itemized deductions otherwise allowable for such taxable year.

(b) Applicable amount

(1) In general

For purposes of this section, the term "applicable amount" means-

(A) $300,000 in the case of a joint return or a surviving spouse (as defined in section 2(a)),

(B) $275,000 in the case of a head of household (as defined in section 2(b)),

(C) $250,000 in the case of an individual who is not married and who is not a surviving spouse or head of household, and

(D) ½ the amount applicable under subparagraph (A) (after adjustment, if any, under paragraph (2)) in the case of a married individual filing a separate return.

For purposes of this paragraph, marital status shall be determined under section 7703.

(2) Inflation adjustment

In the case of any taxable year beginning in calendar years after 2013, each of the dollar amounts under subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (1) shall be increased by an amount equal to-

(A) such dollar amount, multiplied by

(B) the cost-of-living adjustment determined under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year in which the taxable year begins, except that section 1(f)(3)(A)(ii) shall be applied by substituting "2012" for "2016".

If any amount after adjustment under the preceding sentence is not a multiple of $50, such amount shall be rounded to the next lowest multiple of $50.

(c) Exception for certain itemized deductions

For purposes of this section, the term "itemized deductions" does not include-

(1) the deduction under section 213 (relating to medical, etc. expenses),

(2) any deduction for investment interest (as defined in section 163(d)), and

(3) the deduction under section 165(a) for casualty or theft losses described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 165(c) or for losses described in section 165(d).

(d) Coordination with other limitations

This section shall be applied after the application of any other limitation on the allowance of any itemized deduction.

(e) Exception for estates and trusts

This section shall not apply to any estate or trust.

(f) Section not to apply

This section shall not apply to any taxable year beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2026.

(Added Pub. L. 101–508, title XI, §11103(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–406 ; amended Pub. L. 103–66, title XIII, §§13201(b)(3)(E), 13204, Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 459 , 462; Pub. L. 105–277, div. J, title IV, §4004(b)(2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–911 ; Pub. L. 107–16, title I, §103(a), June 7, 2001, 115 Stat. 44 ; Pub. L. 112–240, title I, §101(b)(2)(A), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 2316 ; Pub. L. 115–97, title I, §§11002(d)(2), 11046(a), Dec. 22, 2017, 131 Stat. 2061 , 2088; Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, §401(a)(33), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1186 .)

Inflation Adjusted Items for Certain Years

For inflation adjustment of certain items in this section, see Revenue Procedures listed in a table under section 1 of this title.

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2018-Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 115–141 substituted "shall be" for "shall be shall be" in introductory provisions.

2017-Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 115–97, §11002(d)(2), substituted "1(f)(3)(A)(ii)" for "1(f)(3)(B)" and "2016" for "1992".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–97, §11046(a), added subsec. (f).

2013-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112–240, §101(b)(2)(A)(i), added subsec. (b) and struck out former subsec. (b). Prior to amendment, text read as follows:

"(1) In general.-For purposes of this section, the term 'applicable amount' means $100,000 ($50,000 in the case of a separate return by a married individual within the meaning of section 7703).

"(2) Inflation adjustments.-In the case of any taxable year beginning in a calendar year after 1991, each dollar amount contained in paragraph (1) shall be increased by an amount equal to-

"(A) such dollar amount, multiplied by

"(B) the cost-of-living adjustment determined under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year in which the taxable year begins, by substituting 'calendar year 1990' for 'calendar year 1992' in subparagraph (B) thereof."

Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 112–240, §101(b)(2)(A)(ii), struck out subsecs. (f) and (g), which related to phaseout of limitation and termination of applicability of section, respectively.

2001-Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 107-16 added subsecs. (f) and (g).

1998-Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted "for casualty or theft losses described in paragraph (2) or (3) of section 165(c) or for losses described in section 165(d)" for "for losses described in subsection (c)(3) or (d) of section 165".

1993-Subsec. (b)(2)(B). Pub. L. 103–66, §13201(b)(3)(E), substituted "1992" for "1989".

Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 103–66, §13204, struck out heading and text of subsec. (f). Text read as follows: "This section shall not apply to any taxable year beginning after December 31, 1995."

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date of 2017 Amendment

Amendment by section 11002(d)(2) of Pub. L. 115–97 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2017, see section 11002(e) of Pub. L. 115–97, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Pub. L. 115–97, title I, §11046(b), Dec. 22, 2017, 131 Stat. 2088 , provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017."

Effective Date of 2013 Amendment

Amendment by Pub. L. 112–240 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2012, see section 101(b)(3) of Pub. L. 112–240, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date of 2001 Amendment

Pub. L. 107–16, title I, §103(b), June 7, 2001, 115 Stat. 45 , provided that: "The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005."

Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

Pub. L. 105–277, div. J, title IV, §4004(c)(3), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–911 , provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (b)(2) [amending this section] shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1990."

Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

Amendment by section 13201(b)(3)(E) of Pub. L. 103–66 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1992, see section 13201(c) of Pub. L. 103–66, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.

Effective Date

Section applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1990, see section 11103(e) of Pub. L. 101–508, set out as an Effective Date of 1990 Amendment note under section 1 of this title.